八年级新标准英语下复习提纲

八年级新标准英语下复习提纲本文简介:八年级新标准英语下复习提纲Module1feelingsandimpressions一短语归纳1abit有点2bedone完成了;做好了3haveatry试一试4inthemiddle在中间5hearfrom收到某人的来信6eachother互相7aswell也8beproudof以……为自豪9be
八年级新标准英语下复习提纲本文内容:
八年级新标准英语下复习提纲
Module1
feelings
and
impressions
一短语归纳
1
a
bit
有点
2
be
done
完成了;做好了
3
have
a
try试一试
4
in
the
middle
在中间
5
hear
from收到某人的来信
6
each
other
互相7
as
well也
8
be
proud
of
以……为自豪9
be
good
at
擅长10
a
few几个;一些
11
in
the
right
way以正确的方式
12
be
excited
about对……感到兴奋
13
help
sb
with
sth
在某方面帮助某人
14
shake
hands
with
跟
……握手
15
talk
with与……交谈
二句型
1
would
like
to
do
sth
想要做某事
2
want
to
do
sth想做某事
3I’m
afraid恐怕
4
Shall
I
我…….吧?
5be
sure+句子
确信
6
thanks
for
doing
sth
因做某事而感谢
7
it
be
+adj
+to
do
sth做某事很……
8
can’t
wait
to
do
sth迫不及待做某事
9
spend
doing
sth
花费时间/金钱做某事10
in+some
time
……之后
11
how
to
do
sth
如何做某事
12
be
afraid
of
doing
sth
害怕做某事
13
ask
sb
(not
)
to
do
sth
要求某人(不要)做某事
14
much
+比较级
……得多
三
表感觉和知觉的连系动词
看look
听sound
闻smell摸feel
尝taste
例句
The
coat
feels
comfortable
.
Twins
usually
look
the
same.
The
fish
smells
nice
.
The
song
sounds
wonderful.
The
cake
tastes
good.
Module2
experiences
一短语归纳
1
los
of
许多
2
enter
a
competition
参加比赛3
first
prize
一等奖
4
good
luck
好运5
think
about
考虑
6
a
lot
大量;非常
7
make
up编造
8
at
the
moment
此刻9
for
example
例如
10
be
different
from
与……
不同
11
so
far
到目前为止
12
count
down倒数;倒计时
13
by
train
乘火车
13
have
a
wonderful
time
过得愉快
14
find
out
发现;了解
二句型
1
help
sb
+(to)
do
sth
帮助某人做某事
2
stop
+doing
sth
3
need
to
do
sth
需要做某事
4
invite
sb
todo
sth
邀请某人做某事
5
one
of+the
+形容词最高级+复数名词
最…之一
6
the
+复数姓氏
….一家人
;夫妇
7
love
doing
sth
喜欢做某事8
have
been
to
+某地
去过某地
9
begin
+to
do
sth
开始做某事
10
enjoy
+doing
sth
喜欢做某事
11
learn
+to
do
sth
学习做某事
12
ask
sb
(not
)
to
do
sth
要求某人(不要)做某事
三语法讲解
现在完成时(1)
用法:(1)表示以前某个时间已经发生的行为或曾经做过的事情对现在有某种影响。
I
have
seen
the
film.
(2)表示到目前为止已经完成的事情。
My
aunt
has
travelled
all
over
the
world
.
构成:
现在完成时谓语的构成为“have/has
+动词的过去分词”
当主语是第三称单数时用助动词has,其余情况用助动词have
3
句式变化
(1)肯定句
句型:定语+have/has
+动词的过去分词+其他
I
have
watched
the
match.
He
has
watched
the
match.
(2)
否定句
句型:主语+have/has
not
+动词的过去分词+其他
I
have
not
watched
the
match.
He
has
not
watched
the
match.
(3)
一般疑问句
句型:Have
/Have
+
主语+动词的过去分词+其他?
肯定回答:
Yes,主语+have/has.
否定回答:No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t
Have
you
watched
the
match?
Yes,I
have.
No,I
haven’t
Has
he
watched
the
match?
Yes,he
has.
No,he
hasn’t
动词的过去分词的构成
规则动词
大多数动词直接在后面+ed,work
worked
以e
结尾的动词需加d,lived
liked
以“辅音字母+y
“结尾的动词需将y改为I,再加ed
Try
tried
study
studied
以重度闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加ed
stop
stopped
plan
planned
不规则动词
一部分动词属于不规则动词,其过去分词形式需要特殊记忆
See
seen
take
taken
be
been
eat
eaten
begin
begun
have
had
make
made
find
found
go
gone
come
come
Module
3
journey
to
space
一、短语归纳
1
be
up
to忙于,正在做
2
no
problem
没问题
3
far
away
远离
4
go
online上网
5
search
for
收索
6
on
earth世界上
7
billions
of
数以亿计的
8
more
than
多于,超过
9
as
as
和
一样
10
communicate
with
sb
和某人联系
二、句型
1
in
order
to
do
sth
为了做某事
2
adi/adv
+enough
sth
做完某事
3
finish
doing
sth
做完某事
4
as
+形容词/副词原级+as
和
一样
5
watch
sb/sth
doing
sth
看见某人/某物正在做某事
watch
sb/sth
do
sth
看见某人/某事物做某事
have/has
been
to
意为到过去过
表示曾经到过某地,而此时人已不再那了
Have
you
ever
been
to
Hong
kong?
have/has
gone
to
去了某地现在人可能在去的途中或已在那个地方了而不在说话人处
where
is
lily
?she
has
gone
to
the
library.
have/has
been
in
I
have
been
in
Harbin
for
three
years.
Already
与yet
Already
一般用于可定句中,常与完成时连用,与过去时连用时,谓语动词一般要用延续性动词。有时already
也用于疑问句当中,表示惊奇或希望对方给出肯定答复
He
already
knew
about
it.
I
have
already
finished
my
homewok.
Have
you
done
already?
yet
一般用于否定句和疑问句中,常放在否定词之后或句末。
Has
she
gone
to
school
yet?
His
mother
hasn’t
yet
been
to
Beijing.
Module
4
seeing
the
doctor
一、短语归纳
1
have
got
a
stomachache
胃痛
2
catch
a
cold
感冒
3
take
sb’s
temperature
量某人的体温
4
take
part
in
sth
参加,参与(某事)
5
in
excellent
condition
健康状况很好
6
feel
awful
太多
7
all
over
浑身,到处
8
too
much
9
such
as
像
例如
10
by
underground
坐地铁
11
in
hospital
住院
12
go
running
二、
句型
1
stop
doing
sth
停止做某事
2
why
don’t
we
do
sth
?
我们为何不做某事呢
3
too+adj
+to
do
sth
太
而
不能做某事
4what
(a
/an
)+
形容词+名词+
主语+谓语+
其他!
5
what
about
doing
sth
?做某事怎么样?
三、语法:
现在完成时(3)表示动作或状态从过去某时开始,
一直延续至今,可能刚刚结束,也可能继续下去。常与for
或since
引导的时间状语从句连用,用how
long
提问
,谓语动词用延续性动词
短暂性动词的转换问题
英语中有些动词,如
come
go
begin
start
die
buy
borrow
sell
将短暂性动词转化为“be
+
形容词、副词
Begin(start)-be
on
Go
there
–be
there
come
back
be
back
Come
here-be
here
Open-be
open
Close-be
closed
Die-be
dead
Marry-
be
married
Finish-
be
over
Go
to
bed-
be
in
bed
Leave-
be
away
Return
–be
back
Get
out
–be
out
Fall
asleep-be
asleep
Lose-
be
lost
Fall
ill-
be
ill
有的短暂性动词可以转化为意思相同的延续性动词
Borrow-keep
Put
on
wear/be
on
Become-be
Get
to
know
know
Buy-have(own)
Catch
a
cold
have
a
cold
Receive-have
Go
to
sleep
sleep
瞬间动词的用法口诀
现在完成瞬间;非延续只连点;终止需转换;否定方可碰一段。
Module5
cartoon
stories
一短语归纳
Climb
up
攀登
2
all
over
the
world
全世界
3
win
the
heart
of
sb赢得某人的心
4
ever
since自从
5
more
than超过多于
6
as
well
as
既
又
;
不但
而且
come
out出版
be
good
at
擅长
next
to
邻近
ask
sb
for
sth
向某人要某物
at
first当初
tell
a
story
讲故事
Come
to
life苏醒过来;表现生动
the
number
of…
的数量
be
popular
with
受到…
的欢迎
in
the
future将来,未来
二
句型
1
keep
+v-ing
不断
反复
2
can’t
help
+v-ing
禁不住
3
expect
+动词不定式
期望做
4
mind+名词/动名词
介意、反对.
三、语法:一般现在时,一般过去时
与现在完成时的区别
1
概念不同
一般现在时表示主语经常性和习惯性的动作或存在的状态,也表示说话者的能力及自然想象。
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事,存在的状态或经常发生的动作。
现在完成时表示动作发生在过去。对现在造成了影响或产生了结果,不与表示过去的时间状语连用。
2
构成方式不同
一般现在时中谓语动词的构成有以下三种情况:(1)be
动词的一般现在时形式:am,is,are
(2)动词have
的一般现在时形式have,has
(3)其他行为动词的一般现在时形式有动词原形和第三称单数形式;一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式;而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是“助动词have/has+过去分词
3时间状语不同
一般现在时的时间状语主要有:always,usually,often,sometimes,never,every
day,on
Sundays,in
the
morning/afternoon/evening等;一般过去时通常与yesterday,last
week
;two
years
ago,just
now,in
2002
等表示过去的时间状语连用;而现在完成时则常与just,already,ever,never等副词和these
days,this
week,since
for
等表示一段时间状语连用。
We
play
football
in
the
afternoon.
Did
you
see
the
film
last
night?
He
has
lived
in
Beijing
for
8
years.
Module6
hobbies
一、短语归纳
1
take
up
占据
2
a
bit
of
一点
3
have
a
look
看一看
4
show
sb
sth把某物展示给某人
5
tidy
up收拾整理
6
such
as
例如
7
look
after
照顾,照看
8
as
well
as除了,也
9
talk
about
谈论
10
come
out出版
11
as
a
result因此;结果
12
as
a
result
of因为
13
all
the
time一直
14
run
out
of
用尽;用光
二、用法集萃
1
most
of+名/代
…….中的大部分
2
as
+形容词/副词原级+as
和……一样……
3
enjoy
+doing
sth
喜欢做某事
4
make
sb
+do
sth
使某人做某事
5
spend…on/in
doing
sht
花费……在做某事上6
encourage
sb
+to
do
sth
鼓励某人做某事
7
be
interested
in
+doing
sth
对做某事感兴趣
8
see
sb
+doing
sth
看见某人正在做某事
9
have
to
do
sth
必须做某事
三、英语基本句型
1In
my
spare
time,I
read
.
2
Do
you
collect
anything?
3
their
value
isn’t
very
important.
4
I
will
show
you
my
stamps
too
5
hobbies
can
make
you
grow
as
a
person.
6
there
was
a
writing
class.
四、语法诠释
英语句子由主语、谓语
、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语或状语等组成。一个句子如果只有一个主语和一个谓语,我们称之为简单句。即使有两个主语和两个谓语,只要是并列主语和并列谓语,也仍然是简单句。常见的简单句的基本句型是:
1
主语+谓语(+时间状语/地点状语),即:S+V,简称为主谓。
My
father
works
in
the
factory.(此句型中的谓语动词不可以直接加宾语,这种动词称为不及物动词)
2
主语+谓语+宾语,即S+V+O
简称为主谓宾
She
likes
stamps.(此句型中的谓语动词后必须加宾语,这种动词称为及物动词)
3
主语+连系动词+表语
即S+V+O,简称为主系表
Uncle
Wang
looks
very
happy.
初中阶段常见的连系动词有一是(is
am
are)一觉(feel)
一保持(keep)起来四个(look,sound
smell
taste
)好像(seem
)变了四个(become
turn
get
go
都有变得的意思)
4
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语,即S+V+IO+DO,简称主谓双上宾语
Will
you
lend
me
your
book?
5
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语,即S+V+O+C,,简称“主谓宾宾补”。
We
found
a
boy
sitting
in
the
tree.
6
There
be
+主语+(状语),即there
be
结构。
There
is
a
picture
on
the
wall.
在there
be
句型中be单复数由后面的主语决定。当有两个或两个以上的主语时,be
动词的数与最近的主语的数保持一致,即“就近原则”。
Module
7
Summer
in
Los
Angeles
一短语归纳
1
prepare
for
对
做准备
2
make
a
list
列清单
3
at
the
end
of
在
末端
4
pay
for
为
付款
5
too
much
太多
6
by
the
way
顺便提一下
7
have
a
great
time
玩得很高兴
8
at
the
same
time
同时
9
at
the
beginning
of
在
的起初
10
depend
on
取决于
11
as
well
as
除
以外,还
12
from
close
friendship
with
sb
和某人建立亲密的友谊
13
stay
in
touch
with
sb
和某人保持联系
14
go
shopping
去购物
二句型
1
had
better
+动词原形
最好做
2
offer
sb
sth
为某人提供某物
3
sound
+形容词
听起来
14
get
sth
+形容词
使某物
5
be
certain
to
+动词原形
确信/
有把握
Module
8
Time
off
一、短语归纳
1
time
off
休假
2
in
the
city
centre
在市中心
3
be
famous
for
因
而著名
4
take
up
占据
5
point
out
指出
6
at
the
top
of
在
的顶端
7
look
like
看起来像
8
wake
sb
up
唤醒某人
9
move
about
四处走动
10
not
any
more
不再
11
in
the
end
最后
12
be
careful
小心
be
popular
with
受
欢迎
二、句型
So
that
+从句
如此
以致
2
welcome
to
+地点
欢迎来到
3hear
sb
doing
sth
听见某人正在做某事
4
allow
sb
to
do
sth
允许某人做某事
5
promise
to
do
sth
允许做某事
6
without
doing
sth
没有做某事7
hope
to
do
sth
希望做某事
8the+序数词+形容词最高级
9
would
like
sb
to
do
sth
想让某人去做某事
Module
9
friendship
一、
短语归纳
Take
a
message
捎口信
2
get
separated
分开
3sure
of
oneself
自信
4
patient
with
对
有耐心
5
make
friends
交朋友
6
join
in
参加;加入
7
have
a
hard
time
遇到麻烦;遇到困难
8
have
a
fight
吵架
9
every
time
每一次
10
worry
about
担心
11
in
silence
安静地;无声地
12
day
by
day
一天天地
13
stick
together
团结一致
14
have
fun
过得愉快
15
so
that
以便;为的是
二、用法集萃
1
refuse
to
do
sth
拒绝做某事
2
regret
doing
sth
后悔做过某事
3
encourage
sb
to
do
sth
鼓励某人做某事
4
be
afraid
to
do
sth
害怕做某事;不敢做某事
5
feel
sb
do
sth
感觉某人做过(或经常做)某事
三、语法全解
宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语,而宾语是一个句子,从句本身有主语、谓语及其他成分。从句的结构通常是:连词+主语+谓语。宾语从句根据引导词不同分为that
引导的宾语从句,whether/if
引导的宾语从句和特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句三种。
1
whether/if
引导的宾语从句
Whether
if
意为是否,故表达不确定的概念时用whether/if
引导宾语从句。此时whether
/if
在句中不做句子成分,但不能省略。
I
want
to
know
whether
/if
my
sister
is
waiting
for
me
at
the
school
gate
We
don’t
know
whether/if
lucy
will
be
back
in
two
days.
拓展
whether和if
一般情况下可以互换使用,但下列情况只能用whether,而不使用if
⑴
引导介词的宾语从句
I
am
thinking
about
whether
we
should
go
to
the
movies.
⑵
直接与or
not
连用时
I
am
not
sure
whether
or
not
his
answer
is
right.
2特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句
宾语从句还可以由特殊疑问词what
which
who
where
when
how
等引导。疑问词在句中有实际意义,且在宾语从句中充当句子成分,不能省略。疑问代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等;疑问副词在句中作状语。
Do
you
know
when
the
train
will
arrive
?
3
that
引导的宾语从句
That
引导的宾语从句时,可以省略
I
hope
that
it
will
rain
tomorrow.
宾语从句
宾语从句须注意,两点事项应牢记。一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that
;一般疑问是否(if/whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。二是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。
Module10
on
the
radio
一、
短语归纳
1
show
around
带
参观
2
on
air
在广播
3
do
interview
with
采访
4
in
person
亲自;当面
5
ask
for
要求得到
6
once
a
week
一周一次
7
watch
for
等待
8
close
down
(电台、电视台)停止播音、播出
二、
用法集萃
1
avoid
doing
sth
避免做某事
2
what
about
doing
sth
?
做某事怎么样?
3
it
seems
that
+从句
好像;
4
keep
on
doing
sth
继续做某事,反复做某事
三、宾语从句的时态问题
1
宾语从句的时态与主句的时态一致
如果主句用一般现在时,宾语从句的时态根据自身的时间状语选择时态。如果主句用一般过去时,从句用相应的过去范围内的时态。当主句是一般过去时,从句的动作发生在主句的谓语动作之前,从句用过去完成时态。当主句是一般过去时,从句的动作还没有发生或将要发生,从句用过去将来时。
He
said
that
he
had
just
bought
a
book
.
He
said
he
would
go
there
again.
2宾语从句的时态与主句的时态不一致
主句是一般过去时,下列几种情况从句的时态不变。
⑴宾语从句表示的是客观事实、科学真理、格言,或其他不受时间限制、影响,客观存在的事物时,依然使用一般现在时。
He
said
the
earth
goes
around
the
sun.
The
teacher
told
her
students
that
practice
makes
perfect.
⑵宾语从句解释表达科技内容时,或表达一种反复出现或目前习惯性的动作时,仍用一般现在时。
He
said
he
takes
a
walk
after
dinner
every
evening.
⑶宾语从句的谓语动词表示的动作在转述时仍在继续,表示此刻仍存在的状态时,从句的时态仍用现在范围内的时态。
She
told
me
the
other
day
that
she
is
only
eight.
Tom
said
that
his
father
is
attending
a
meeting
in
London
.
⑷从句中有具体的时间状语,动作是发生在主句动作之前,仍用一般过去时,不改为过去完成时。
He
said
that
he
was
born
in
1998.
6
