mind 用法
一、mind用作名词时,意为“思想”、“想法”、“头脑”、“智力”.常见的含名词mind的短语有:change one’s mind(改变主意),make up one’s mind(下定决心),set one’s mind to(do)(专注于……),keep in mind(记在心里),come into one’s mind(计上心来)等.
二、mind用作动词时,意为“介意”、“反对”,常用来表示委婉、客气的请求.
含动词mind的常见句式有:
1)“Would/Do you mind doing.意为“……你介意吗?”.例如:
Would you mind closing the door?关上门好吗?
2)“Would/Do you mind+人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词+doing.”意为“某人做某事,你介意吗?”.例如:
Do you mind my closing the window?(=Do you mind if I close the window?)我把窗户关上,你介意吗?
构成“Would you mind doing.”的否定式时,通常在doing的前面加not.例如:
Would you mind not swimming in the river?
Would you mind not being late again?
“Would you mind.”后面接从句时,从句中的谓语动词常为过去式,用来表示委婉的语气.例如:
Would you mind if I closed the window?你介意我把窗户关上吗?
Would you mind if I turned up the radio?我把收音机声音开大点,你反对吗?
“Would you mind.”的同义句式是“Do you mind.”.二者表达相同的意思,只是“Would you mind.”比“Do you mind.”语气显得更客气一些.两者后接从句时,前者从句中的谓语动词常为过去式,而后者从句中的谓语动词则用一般现在时.试比较:
Would you mind if I sat here?(=Do you mind if I sit here?)我坐在这儿你介意吗?
Do you mind if I smoke here?(=Would you mind if I smoked here?)我在这里吸烟你介意吗?
在回答这种问题时,必须注意英、汉两种语言之间的差异:
1)表示不反对或不介意时常用以下句式:No,please do.(好吧,请.)/Certainly not.(当然可以.)/Of course not.(当然可以.)/No,go ahead.(完全可以.)例如:
—Would you mind me smoking here?我在这儿抽烟你介意吗?
—No,please do.好的,请便.
—Would you mind if I turned on the TV?我打开电视你介意吗?
—Certainly not.当然可以.
—Would you mind my standing here?你介意我站在这里吗?
—Not at all.没关系.
2)如果不同意或不赞成某人做某事,就不要说“Yes,I mind”,应说“Sorry/I’m sorry”或“I wish you wouldn’t”,然后再陈述拒绝或反对的理由.例如:
—Would you mind my turning off the light?我把灯关掉,你介意吗?
—I’m sorry.I haven’t finished my work.(=I wish you wouldn’t.I haven’t finished my work.)对不起,我还没有完成我的工作.
“I don’t mind.”意为“我不介意”.例如:
—What do you think of sitcoms?你觉得情景喜剧怎么样?
—I don’t mind them.我不关心那些节目.
Never mind意为“没关系”、“不要紧”,常出现在下列场合:
1)应答对方的致歉.例如:
—I’m sorry.I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.对不起,我来得匆忙,忘记带吃的了.
—Never mind.You can have ours.没关系,你可以吃我们的.
2)安慰对方.例如:
—Did you watch the baseball match yesterday?昨天你看棒球比赛了吗?
—No,I missed it.By the time I got there,it had already finished.没有,我错过了.当我到达那里时,比赛已经结束了.
—Never mind.It was a boring match.没关系.那是一场枯燥乏味的比赛.
3)回答对方的求助.例如:
—Sorry to trouble you.抱歉,麻烦您一下.
—Never mind.What can I do for you?没关系.我能为你做些什么呢?