英语初三被动语态练习题

一、语态概述

英语中动词有主动语态和被动语态两种语态.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,在被动语态中动作的执行者有时用by短语表示出来.

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。

例如：ManypeoplespeakEnglish.（谓语：speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。）

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。

巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。

例如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

二、被动语态的构成

被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以do为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。

公式为：be（有时态的变化）+动词的过去分词

1.一般现在时：am(is,are)done.（everyday,usually,often…）

2.一般过去时：was(were)done(yesterday,lastnight/week/month/year,in1885…)

3.一般将来时：will(shall)bedone(nextweek/month/year,inthefuture…)

*4.现在进行时：am(is,are)beingdone(now,thesedays,Look!Listen!…)

*5.现在完成时：have(has)beendone（since+clause/thepasttime,for+sometime,sofar,thesedays…）

6.带情态动词的被动语态：must(can,may,should,need,would)bedone

7不定式的被动结构to+be+动词的过去分词

三、被动语态的用法(歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要

动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。)

1不知动作执行者时,常用被动语态.eg.ThiscarismadeinAmerica.

2.不必要说出动作执行者时,常用.eg.Romewasnotbuiltinaday.

3.为了突出强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态.

eg.Englishisspokeninmanycountries.

四、主动语态变被动语态的方法

(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)

(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。

(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。

例如：Allthepeoplelaughedathim.----Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.

Theymakethebikesinthefactory.

-----Thebikesaremade bytheminthefactory.

歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。

谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。

五、含有情态动词的被动语态

含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。

歌诀是：情态动词变被动，情态加be加“过分”，（情态动词）原来带to要保留。

例如：

1Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.

→Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.

2Yououghttotakeitaway.→Itoughttobetakenaway.

3Theyshoulddoitatonce.→Itshouldbedoneatonce.

六、从初中阶段所学五种基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。

1．主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P)

此结构不可用被动语态。

(正)Theflowerssmellsweet.

(误)Theflowersaresmeltsweet.

2．主语+不及物动词(S+V)

此结构不可变被动语态。

(正)Anaccidenthappenedlastnight.

(误)Anaccidentwashappenedlastnight.

3．主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O)

（1）将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语

Childrenoftensingthissong

Thissongisoftensungbychildren.

（2）将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时，不可将介词或副词去掉。

Weshouldlistentotheteacherscarefully.

Theteachersshouldbelistenedtocarefully.

4．主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)

（1）.将表人的间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。

Heshowedusapicture.

Wewereshownapicture.

（2）.将指物的直接宾语变为主语，要在间接宾语前加介词to或for.

常用加to的动词give,show,pass,read等

常用加for的动词buy,get,make,sing,draw等

Apicturewasshowntous.

Adictionarywasboughtformebymyparents.

5．主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C)

如动词为make,see,hear,watch等，后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上“to”。

Isawhimfalloffthetree.

Hewasseentofalloffthetree.

6.\"be+过去分词\"并非都是被动语态，系动词be,feel,seem,look,等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，作表语用，表示某种状态。

I\'minterestedinmathematics.我对数学感兴趣。

*7.某些动词用主动语态来表示被动含义。Thewoman\'sclothessellwell.女装卖的快。Thisbooksellsbest.这本书很畅销.

课内探究案

I思考一：各种时态的被动语态的结构

时态被动语态结构

一般将来时

一般过去时

一般将来时

现在进行时

现在完成时

含有情态动词

练习巩固：用所给动词的适当形式填空

1.OurTVset_______________(repair)yesterday.

2.Anewbuilding__________________(build)inourschoolnextyear.

3.Manybooksonscience_________________(buy)sinceIwenttocollege.

4.Nowhe_________(be)askedifthemeeting____________(hold)nextFriday.

5.Yourschoolbag_______________(mustnotput)there.

6.__________thiskindofbike____________(make)intheUSA

思考二：怎样把一个句子由主动语态变为被动语态

PeoplespeakEnglishinmanycountries.

Englishisspokeninmanycountries.

1.Theyoftenplanttreesinspringeveryyear.

2.Wewillholdthesportsmeetingnexttime

3.Didyourfatherwritethebook

4.Wheredotheymakethemachine .

思考三：含有双宾语的句子怎样变被动语态

例如：Jimgaveherabook.

ShewasgivenabookbyJim.

AbookwasgiventoherbyJim.

1.Theteachershowedthechildrenabeautifulpicture.

_____________________________________________

_____________________________________________

2.Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.

____________________________________________

____________________________________________

常和to连用的动词有那些

常和for连用的动词有那些

思考四：动词不定式做宾语补足语的句子怎样变被动

asksbtodosth-----__________________________

tellsbtodosth-----__________________________

makesbdosth-----___________________________

seesbdosth-----_____________________________

练习巩固：用所给动词的适当形式填空

1.Thebaby_______（make）___________(cry)byhissister.

2.Jim_________often______(hear)_________(sing)intheroom.

3.Jack_________(ask)____________(answer)thequestioninFrench.

4.TheBrowns___________(see)____________(leave)thehotelalready.

V.思考五：有关被动语态的几种句型

1.need/want/require+doing=need/want/require+tobedone

2.Itissaidthat…据说

Itisreportedthat…据报道

Itisthoughtthat…大家认为

Itisbelievedthat…有人相信

3.复合句变被动，主从句都要变

Ifacomputerisboughtforme,theworkwillbefinishedmorequickly

VI.思考六：不用被动语态的动词：

1.不及物动词（vi.)如:happen,takeplace,appear,disappear…

Atrafficaccident________(happen)justnow.

2.连系动词（Link.v.)如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become…

PekingOpera________(sound)beautiful

3.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:

Thepen_________(write)veryfast.

Thiskindofsweater_______(sell)well.

小结：关于被动语态的几种用法你掌握了吗

课后提升案

一．单项选择()

()1Theoldmanandthechildrenmust____________inourcountry.

AtakegoodcareB.betakengoodcare

C.takecareofD.betakengoodcareof

()2Look!Abigmodernbuilding________inourcity.

AisbuiltB.wasbeingbuiltC.isbeingbuiltD.hasbuilt

()3Manymorehouses______forteacherssincelastyear.

AarebuildingB.builtC.havebuiltD.havebeenbuilt

()4Aman________cryforhelplastnight.

AwasheardtoB.heartoC.washeardDheardto

()5Ithinkcomputer________ineverydaylifebeforelong.

AwillbeB.willbeusedC.isusedD.wasused

()6Oldpeoplemustbelookedafterand________politely.

AspeaktoB.spokenC.speakD.spokento

()7Theflowers_________often.

AmustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater

()8Thiskindofshoes________welllastyear.

A.didn’tsellB.sellC.aren’tsellD.wasn’tsell

二．用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。

1.Thiskindofbike________(sell)intheNewCenturySupermarket.It_______(sell)well.

2.IwillgotothepartyifI___________(invite).

3.It__________(say)thatheisagovernmentofficer.

4.Theflowersneed___________(water)everyday..

5.Heisoftennoticed____________(sit)atthetablealone.

6.Anaccident___________(happen)herelastweek.

7.Sofar,manyman-madesatellites_______________(send)upintothespace.

8.The30thOlympicGames____________(hold)inLondonin2012.

9.Theroad_______________(repair)now.

10.ThePeople’sRepublicofChina_________(found)onOctober1,1949.

学后反思

这节课我学到了什么

我还存在哪些问题

被动语态专项练习

一、选择题

()1._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear

A.Is;builtB.Was;bulitC.Does;buildD.Did;build

()2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.

A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened

()3.Cotton（棉花）____inthesoutheastofChina.

A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow

()4.Sofar,themoon____bymanalready.

A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited

()5.AtalkonChinesehistory_____inthschoolhallnextweek.

A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives

()6.Howmanytrees____thisyear

A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted

()7.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.

A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone

()8.Neitherofthem______inChina.

A.ismadeB.aremadeC.weremadeD.made

()9.Look!Anicepicture____forourteacher.

A.isdrawingB.isbeingdrawnC.hasbeendrawnD.draws

()10.Yourshoes____.Youneedanewpair.

A.wearoutB.wornoutC.arewornoutD.isworn

()11.Thedoctor_____foryet.

A.isn\'tsentB.hasn\'tbeensentC.won\'tbesentD.wasn\'tsent

()12.--When___thiskindofcomputers______ --Lastyear.

A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used

()13.TheGreatWall____allovertheworld.

A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown

()14.I____insummer.

A.bornB.wasbornC.havebeenbornD.amborn

()15.HesaysthatMrZhang_____tothefactorynextweek.

A.issentB.wouldsendC.wassentD.willbesent

()16.Who_____thisbook_____

A.did;writtenB.was;writtenbyC.did;writtenD.was;written

()17.Mary____showmehernewdictionary.

A.hasaskedtoB.wasaskedtoC.isaskedD.asksto

()18.Astory_____byGrannyyesterday.

A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus

()19.Themonkeywasseen_____offthetree.

A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump

()20.Theschoolbag___behindthechair.

A.putsB.canbeputC.canbeputtedD.canput

()21.Olderpeople____well.

A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter

()22.Ourteacher______carefully.

A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelistenC.belistenedD.islistened

二、用动词的正确语态填空。（综合运用）

1.Thestudents_____often_____(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.

2.Thatplay________(put)onagainsometimenextmonth.

3.Theoldmanisill.He______(mustsend)tothehospital.

4.Vegetables,eggsandfruits_________(sell)inthisshop.

5.What_______aknife______(make)of

It_______________(make)ofmetalandwood.

6.APianoconcert_____________(give)herelastFriday.

7.______themagazine____(cantake)outofthelibrary

8.Theroom_____________(clean)bymeeveryday.

9.Thestars_____________(cansee)inthedaytime.

10.Someflowers__________(water)byLiMingalready.

11.Thesekindsofmachines__________(make)inJapan.

12.Apples_________________(grow)inthisfarm.

13.Russian_____________(learn)asthesecondlanguagebysomestudentsinChina.

14.Planes,carsandtrains__________(use)bybusinesspeoplefortravelling.

15.Thecinema___________(bulid)in1985.

16.Thebike______________(mustnotput)here.

17.Abeautifulhorse___________(draw)byJohnnextday.

18.Thiskindofmachine___________(canmade)byuncleWang.

19.Mr.Green______(open)twonewschool.

20.ThePLA____________(found)onAugust1st,1927.

21.Bythetimehewasten,theboy________(learn)EnglishandFrench.

22.Howlong_____youruncle____(be)inthecity

23.______you____(see)thefilmyet

Yes,I_______(see)itlastweek.

24.UncleWang____________(live)heresince1980

25.Listen!Someone_________(sing).

26.Tom________(nothave)breakfastyesterdaymorning.