作文替换（1）

存在 come to be; come into existence; come to birth; come into being

考虑 consider; take into consideration; take into account

考虑到 in consideration of

用尽力气 exhaust one’s strength; use up one’s strength

开动 initiate; set going

准备…brace for; prepare for

在于 lie in; rest on; rest with

主动 take the initiative

不算 exclusive of; not counting; leaving out

应该得到 deserve; have right to; is worthy of

避免 avoid; shun; get around; circumvent

幻想 fantasy; play of the mind

以此标准来算 by this criterion; by this standard

乍看之下 at first glance

面对 in the face of; in the presence of

以 by means of; by virtue of; by the use of

不惜代价 at all costs

每况愈下 from bad to worse

承受错误造成的后果 in reaping the harvest of his mistakes

取得同意…get the go-ahead to

不择手段 unscrupulously; by hook or by crook

想法与作法 beliefs and practices

内情 ins and outs; turns and twists

关键时刻 the critical moment

作文替换（2）

在我们平凡的日常里，大家都跟作文打过交道吧，作文根据写作时限的不同可以分为限时作文和非限时作文。你知道作文怎样才能写的好吗？以下是小编为大家收集的替换作文800字，希望对大家有所帮助。

星期二，我大摇大摆地走在去人民大会堂的路上我有幸被选中去献词了。可是没想到，一场替换人员带来的沮丧正悄然向我袭来。

进到人民大会堂中，瞬间觉得自己渺小了许多，还没等我们休息一下时，就被叫到舞台的后场等候，我的心里既兴奋又紧张，感觉脑子里似乎装不下台词了。摸摸心口，原本平静的心居然沸腾起来，像只小兔子活蹦乱跳，安静不下来似的。不一会儿，老师过来了，让我们敬个队礼看看，然后给每个人纠正，我们所有人的手都被老师拍打了一下，老师意思就是无论做什么动作都要规范、不得马虎，然后又给我们指点了一下手势、拿稿动作、上台姿势哇，规矩可真多啊！

10多分钟后我们整整齐齐、大大方方走上台，经过一系列演练后，终于圆满完成了排练。就在我们都觉得胜券在握、喜出望外时，带领我们排练的'主任给了我们当头一棒，说是要替换3个人，当时我暗暗在想：千万不要有我，我觉得我已经演练得很不错了。但希望越大失望就越大，替换名单里居然有我，当时像泼了冷水一样，拔凉拔凉的，全部的希望都落空了，既想哭，又想笑，最后不得不带着假笑回了教室。

刘老师看着情绪低落的我，把我叫到办公室，和蔼可亲地说：“沛儿，虽然没有被选上，但是努力了就好！”听老师这话时，我的眼泪已经在眼睛里打转了，为了不让老师看出来，极力掩饰自己的情绪，迈着沉重的步伐默默回到了教室。我的心那个难受啊！本该参加课后服务的我被老师允许提前出校门。

回到家后，抱着妈妈痛哭了一场，把我的委屈、我的愤怒、我的不甘心一股脑都倒了出来，妈妈也哭了，还说：“当初刘老师也提醒过人员都只是暂时的，到最后才能确定下来，即使没被选中，但只要努力了、付出了对自己来说是个成长的经验。”听着妈妈的话，我抬起满脸泪痕的头，诺诺的问道：“妈妈，你觉得我很差吗？”妈妈说：“每个孩子在自己父母眼里都是最棒的，但是每个孩子之间都有差距的，多一份努力、多一份刻苦，那这孩子会变得越来越优秀，沛儿，你还是不够比别人用心、自律，希望这次小小挫折能给你一个大大的提醒，可以吗？”

听完妈妈的话，我深吸了一口气，感觉顿时明白了过来，是啊！学习很苦，坚持很酷，比我好的，还在努力，比我差的，还没放弃，我有什么资格说自己很无能为力，再去抱怨，只有自己越来越优秀了，才能让别人看到我的光芒、我的闪亮！

作文替换（3）

开始

Begin, start, begin with, spring, start up, set off on, break out, strike up, originate from,;

Initiate, launch, originate, sprout; unfold; unleash，outset, onset, Rudimentary, elementary,

产生,创造

create, produce, bring about, yield, give birth to, bear, bring into being, generate, beget，germinate; Invent, innovate, renovate, plan, design, imagine, conceive, devise, formulate, imagine, envision,

发育，发展

Grow, develop, breed, bring up, nurture, cultivate, hone, raise, foster, (主动)

Develop, advance, progress, move forward, go forward, proceed(自我成长)

Burgeon, flourish, thrive, bloom, blossom, boom, prosper;

结束，停止

stop，finish, be over, cease, discontinue, wind up, bring to an end(close, halt), end，come to an end, end up, terminate，quench，quell，run out, expire, conclude

adjourn/dissolve/lull/subvert,abortaive,

Surcease, cessation,

impasse, deadlock, logjam, stalemate,

Ultimate, final, eventual,

Abeyance, suspend, interruption, brake, halt, pause,

取消,废除

Cancel, annul,call off, do away with,

Abolish, desuetude, disuse, abandon, repeal, revoke, invalidate, rescind, nullify

Obsolete, out of date, outmoded, out of fashion, old-fashioned,

多,增加

Enrich, increase, add to, abound, fill, fill up, replenish, stock up, add, put in, raise,

Accrue, mount up, augment, accumulate, rise

Abundant, plentiful, more than enough, profuse, copious, rich, wealthy, generous, numerous, in great numbers;

有效，起作用

Effective, efficient, effectual, successful, useful, helpful, functional, applicable, operative, working, active, functioning, in operation, in use,

Available, serviceable,

Impact, influence,

减少，降低

Lower, reduce, decrease, drop off, abate, decline, dwarf, dwindle, rarefy, curtail, shorten, abridge, truncate, dock, decline, slump, eclipse, subside, shrink, ebb,

Diminish, lessen, debase, dilute, moderate, die down, grow less intense, cut down, ebb, cut back,

阻碍

Hinder, hamper, check, stunt, impede, block, obstruct, retard, interrupt, hold back, prevent from, forestall, keep from, deter from, discountenance, lumber, thwart, stem, stymie, frustrate, stump, stem,

Entangle, enmesh, ensnare, entrap,

强调

still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, Obviously,

比较

like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner,

对比

by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in

列举

for example, for instance, such as, take …for Except (for), to

时间

later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most

可能

presumably, probably,

解释

in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler

递进

What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally,

让步

although, after all, in spite of…, despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may

转折

however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand, whereas

归还,偿还

Return, hand out, restore, reciprocate, remunerate, revert,

Compensate, reimburse, indemnify, expiate, atonement,

Salary, remuneration, Emolument, honorarium

需要,

Require, call for, need, demand, necessitate,

Necessary, required, requisite, essential,

Requisite, prerequisite, requirement, precondition,

刺激， 激发，鼓励

Stimulate, activate, spur, incite, agitate, inspire, arouse, excite, provoke, actuate, incite, foment, stir up, trigger, Kindle, enkindle, ignite

encourage, motivate, invigorate, prompt, instigate,

Impetuous, impulsive;

欲望，欲求

Wish, want, desire, long, yearn, aspire, crave, hanker, covet:

Desirous, eager, avid, greedy, acquisitive, much desired, coveted, ambitious, enterprising;

Longing, aspiration, yearning, ambition, avarice, desire for, appetite, desire

感觉，察觉

Sense, feel, savor, be conscious of, be aware of, regain consciousness, perceive, Cognize, regard,

Detect, identify, notice, recognize, observe,

Heed, pay/give heed to, take heed/notice of, notice, pay/give attention to

清楚

clarify, elucidate, shed light on, illuminate, make clear

explicit, overt, precise, unambiguous, plain, clear, unequivocal,

clarity, clearness, lucidity, transparency, simplicity,

合作,合并

Work together, cooperate, come together, and collaborate, join forces, team up,

Merge, unite, connect, bond, bring together, combine, associate, amalgamate, swallow up, become one, come together, Affiliate, annex, coalesce, incorporate, integrate, put together, join

整体,全部，广义

Complete, total, entire, full, whole, thorough, comprehensive, all-round, versatile, plenary

Generally, entirely, fully, wholly, thoroughly, exhaustively, usually, largely, mainly, mostly, for the most part, on the whole, in genera

手段，工具

By means of, by way of, by virtue of , method, manner, means, device, instrument, facility, implement, apparatus, appliance, mechanism, gadget, utensil, tools,

contrivance, maneuver, tactic, mean, expedient, stratagem, tact, ploy,

作文替换（4）

在具体写作过程中，为了满足考生应介绍段落写作的第一步。俗话说，万事开头难。许多学生不知道如何开始，浪费时间，无法在规定的时间内完成250字。事实上，作者的结论，可以引入基于background 的描写来引出话题。

Background 方法介绍

笔者就从教来的总结归纳来介绍Background的写作，认为应该从内容同句型上同时做到补充。下面先给大家介绍下扩充背景句的方法：

1). 追根溯源法。即从题目给出的话题中找出这个现象产生的原因来扩展背景句。这种方法适合大多数的话题，考生要尽量在考前做练习，这样在考试就可以得心应手了。

请看下面的例子：

There are social，medical and technical problems associated with the use of mobile What forms do they take?Do you agree that the problems outweigh the benefits of mobile phones? (高分范文P76)

这个题目中给出的话题是mobile phone，所以考生可以从它产生的原因来考虑，就是科技的繁荣，而科技的繁荣，手机的广泛使用是在20世纪末，这样背景句就有内容可写了。当然要通过相应的句型来写了。如 … (time) witnessed …

这个背景句就可以写成：The late 20th century witnessed the boom of science and technology，which gave rise to a series of technological innovations，including the mobile

再看一例：

Nowadays， some universities offer students skills that assist them to find employment，but some people believe that the main function of a university should bide students with access to knowledge for its What is your opinion?

这个问题需要讨论大学是提供职业技能或知识。从传统的角度来看，大学是传授知识的场所，为什么教的技能，所以这里的考生也认为通过努力和彻底的搜索方法找到，我们当然可以认为是因为工作已经成为当今教育的目标之一，很多大学教授技巧。当然，它是根据句式，可以用来引导原因状语从句。

参考：As job-hunting has become one of the main purposes of university education，the majority of the universities tend to offer vocational trainings to prepare the students for their future

2). 重述法。即对关于这个话题的当前现状的重述。

请看一例：

Nowadays，people are facing more and more work-related State the possible reasons for this phenomenon and make some recommendations about how to combat it。

本题的话题关于压力，那考生可从当前社会现象来考虑这个问题，考生不难想出当下对压力这一现象的情况，即很多人都在承受着或多或少的压力。可用it is generally believed that … 形式主语的句型。

参考：It is generally believed that white-collar as well as blue-collars workers are suffering from psychological and physical stress stemming from

3). 定义法。即通过对话题词的定义的介绍，这种方法有一定难度，考生需要有渊博的知识，才能做到对名词的解释，但对特别明显的词语，考生可借鉴这种方法。

请看一例：

The main purpose of public libraries is to provide books should not waste their limited resources and space on providing expensive hi-tech media such as computer software，videos and To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?

Background 句型介绍：

从以上的分析，我们发现在内容上是有方法了，不难从内容上找材料，可是如果句型积累不多的话，写出来的句子也是无法得到高分的，所以接下来，为大家介绍下常用的高分句型。

1). It is generally believed

It is the case that …

It is apparent that … 等形式主语

Eg It is generally believed that white-collar as well as blue-collar workers are suffering from psychological and physical stress stemming from

2). It is … that …

It is … who … 强调句型

is the traditions in Beijing that attract many foreign

下面是考官范文里的句子：

It is the interaction of the two that shapes a person's personality and dictates how that personality

3). 时间引导的叙述句型

Lately，the problem of unemployment has been brought to popular attention that governments at all levels place it on the agenda as the first

4). 状语前置

下面是剑6的高分范文中的句子：

In spite of this，the obvious benefits of computer skills for young children cannot be

Just like movie stars，they live extravagant lifestyles with huge houses and

作文替换（5）

S1+V1…S2+V2…S3+V3…

第二：并列连词连接简单句

S1+V1…and/or/but/also/whereas S2+V2…

第三：复合句

S1+V1…which/that/where/when etc./because/if/in order that etc. S2+V2…

第四：独立主格

S1+V1…，S2+V2…

S1+V1…，S2+V2ing/V2ed

第五：非谓语动词作修饰成分

S1+V1…，S1+V2…

S1+V1，V2ing/V2ed…

如果你觉得上面的这堆“公式”看起来有些枯燥难懂的话，那么不妨给你举两个例子，同样的话，用不同的句子说，看看有什么不同的效果。

【例1】将这些措施付诸实践，水资源的短缺问题就可以解决。

1.简单句+简单句：

These measures are put into practice. The shortage of water can be solved。

2.并列句：

These measures are put into practice and the shortage of water can be solved。

3.复合句：

If these measures are put into practice, the shortage of water can be solved。

4.独立主格或复合结构：

(With)These measures put into practice, the shortage of water can be solved。

5.强调句：

It is only when these measures are put into practice that the shortage of water can be solved。

6.倒装句：

Only if these measures are put into practice can the shortage of water be solved。

【例2】只有老龄化问题得到很好地解决，我们才可以创造稳定、和谐的社会。

1.简单句+简单句：

The old age problem is well handled. Thus we can maintain a stable and harmonious society。

2.并列句：

The old age problem is well handled and we can maintain a stable and harmonious society。

3.复合句：

As long as the old age problem is well handled, we can maintain a stable and harmonious society。

4.独立主格或复合结构：

(With)The old age problem well handled, we can maintain a stable and harmonious society。

5.强调句：

It is only when the old age problem is well handled that we can maintain a stable and harmonious society。

6.倒装句：

Only as long as the old age problem is well handled can we maintain a stable and harmonious society。