英语作文 错误(1)
学生在英语写作中常常出现很多错误。下面我们对一些常见的错误进行了归纳,并对一些典型的病句实例逐一加以分析,希望能对各位同学有所帮助。
一、“汉语式”英语
例:His father‘s body is strong. 他父亲身体很好。
析:汉语说“某人的身体强弱”时,在英语中不必加 body。因此,在书面表达中要注意英语的习惯用法,否则容易杜撰出“汉语式”英语,使人难以看懂。同时不能先想汉语意思,然后再直译成英语,而要擅于直接用英语思考。
正:His father is strong.
二、难词解释
例:the time fell sleeping 就寝时间
析:同学们遇到要表达的术语有难词时,想不到用合适的单词来表达,于是就闹出了这样的笑话。因此,在平时学习中学生们就要知难而进,想方设法记忆必要的单词,同时增强解释的能力,只有这样才能提高英语书面表达能力。
正:the sleeping time
三、单词堆砌
例:Our go to school time is 8:00. 上学时间是8:00。析:同学们在书面表达中应尽量使用自己熟悉且有把握的习惯用语,不能凭着自己的中文习惯主观臆造句子,否则不可能做到“语言准确,得当”。
正:We go to school at eight.
四、时态的误用
例:She like it very much and reads it to the class. 她很喜欢它并且读给同学们听。
析:在书面表达中,应根据上下文或时间状语来确定动词的时态。
正:She liked it very much and read it to the class.
五、用词错误
例:He gave me a very good advice yesterday. 昨天他给我一个非常好的建议。
析:advice 表示“建议”时,是不可数名词,不能用不定冠词来修饰,而应用 a piece of。
正:He gave me a piece of very good advice yesterday.
六、一致性错误
所谓不一致不仅指主谓不一致,它还包括数的不一致、时态不一致以及代词不一致等。
例1:Once one have money, he can do what he want to do. 人一旦有了钱,他就能想干什么就干什么。
析:one 是第三人称单数,因此本句的 have 应改为 has。同理,want 应改为 wants。
正:Once one has money, he can do what he wants to do.
例2:Water will boil at 100℃. 水在100℃沸腾。
析:表示客观真理的句子,其谓语动词应用一般现在时。
正:Water boils at 100℃.
七、修饰语错位
英语与汉语不同,同一个修饰语置于句子中不同的位置,句子的含义就有可能发生变化。
例:I can dance. I too can sing. 我会跳舞,也会唱歌。
析:too 一般位于句尾,不能用于句首。
正:I can dance. I can sing too. 或 I can dance and sing too.
八、结构不完整
在口语中,交际可借助手势、语气、上下文等来理解结构不完整的句子。可是书面语就不同了,句子结构不完整会令句意表达不清。这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后,作者又想加些补充说明的时候。
例:There are many ways to know the society. For example, by TV radio, newspaper and so on. 有许多方式来了解这个社会,例如通过电视、广播、报纸等等。
析:本句后半部分 For example, by TV, radio, newspaper and so on 不是一个完整的句子,仅仅是一些不连贯的词语,不能独立成句。
正:There are many ways to know the society, for example, by TV, radio, and newspaper and so on.
九、悬垂修饰语
所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语与后面句子逻辑关系混乱不清。
例:At the age of ten, my grandfather died. 在我10岁时,我祖父去世了。
析:at the age of ten 只指出10岁时祖父去世了,但没有说明是“谁”10岁时。按一般的推理不可能是 my grandfather。
正:When I was at the age of ten, my grandfather died.
十、词性误用
“词性误用”常表现为:介词当动词用,形容词当副词用,名词当动词用等。
例1:Few people can around the world. 很少人能周游世界。
析:around 是副词,这里误当动词用。
正:Few people can travel around the world.
例2:The place is danger. 这个地方危险。
析:danger 是名词,这里误用为形容词。
正:The place is dangerous. 或 The place is in danger.
十一、指代不清
指代不清主要指代词与被指代的人或物关系不清,或者先后所用的代词不一致。
例1:Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid. 玛丽和我姐姐很要好,因为她要她做她的伴娘。
析:此句让读者无法判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚,谁将当伴娘。
正:Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid.
例2:Help yourself to some drink, boys and girls. 孩子们,随便喝些饮料吧。
析:句中的 boys and girls 和反身代词 yourself指代不一致。正:Help yourselves to some drink, boys and girls.
十二、间断句子
我们不能把两个或两个以上的句子简单地连结起来,应注意连结时应加上适当的词。
例:There are many ways we get to know the outside world. 我们有许多方式来认识外面的世界。
析:这个句子包含了两层意思:There are many ways 以及 we get to know the outside world,简单地把它们连在一起就不妥当了。
正:There are many ways for us to get to know the outside world.
十三、累赘
语言以简洁为贵。能用单词的不用词组;能用词组的不用从句或句子。
例:Except the fact that he is lazy, I like him. 除了他很懒外,我喜欢他。
析:本句中的 the fact that he is lazy 是同位语从句,我们按照上述“能用词组的不用从句”的原则可以将其改写为:
正:Except his laziness, I like him.
十四、不连贯
不连贯是指一个句子前言不对后语,或是结构上不畅通。
例:The fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth. 淡水是世界上最重要的东西。
析:The fresh water 与逗号后面的 it 不连贯,同时 it 与 things 在数方面不一致。
正:The fresh water is the most important thing in the world.
十五、综合性语言错误
所谓“综合性语言错误”,是指除了上述十几种错误之外,还有诸如时态、语态、标点符号、大小写等方面的错误。
英语作文 错误(2)
I disagree with the statement that the decisions people make quickly are always wrong. However, I think those decisions probably turn out to be wrong more often than carefully made decisions do. Usually, fast decisions are based on what we call our “gut reactions,” or feelings we have about a situation. Sometimes these gut reactions are based on good sense backed by experience, but sometimes they’re based on nonsense or poor reasoning.
Let’s say you’re at work and the boss calls you to his office and tells you there’s a big project that needs to be done. He thinks you’re the best person for the job, but he needs an answer from you on the spot. He hasn’t told you what the project is, but you make the quick decision to accept. This is the right quick decision, because you’re basing it on a lot of factors that will occur to you later. One is that it wouldn’t make sense for the boss to ask you to do something he didn’t think you could handle. That would only hurt his business. Plus, doing a good job on this project might help your career. You realize it’s good to reach higher, if you want to get ahead.
But let’s say you’re on a deserted highway late at night and your car breaks down. Along comes a car driven by someone who doesn’t seem quite right to you. He offers you a ride to the nearest gas station. You make the quick decision to accept the ride because it’s late, you’re cold and tired and you don’t want to sit there waiting for the highway patrol to arrive. This is a case where a quick decision is a wrong decision. You shouldn’t trade your personal safety for physical comfort, and if you thought about it, you wouldn’t.
How do you know when it’s okay to make a quick decision? You have to be able to guess at the possible benefits versus the possible dangers. If it’s a small decision like where to go to lunch, who cares? However, if my whole future were at stake, I’d want as much time as I could get to think about it.
英语作文 错误(3)
在平平淡淡的学习、工作、生活中,大家对作文都不陌生吧,借助作文人们可以实现文化交流的目的。怎么写作文才能避免踩雷呢?以下是小编收集整理的中考英语作文十大常见错误分析,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。
1.审题不清
如20xx年中考作文要求写一项最喜欢的课外活动,有些考生将作文的主题定位为“我最喜欢的活动”,偏离了“一项、课外活动”这一主题。依据作文的评分原则,若文章内容不切题,则不管语言如何规范、用词如何准确,都会被判为零分。
2.拼写错误
拼写是考生应该具备的最起码的基本功,但在考生的作文中却经常能发现很多拼写错误。有拼写错误的作文肯定会被酌情扣分,而且有大量拼写错误存在的作文不仅体现出语言基本功差,同时也直接影响内容的表达,通常会降低作文的档次。
3.名词单复数问题:
误Myfatherandmymotherisallteacher.
正Myfatherandmymotherarebothteachers.
4.缺少动词
在汉语中没有动词的句子是允许的,但英语中每个完整的句子都必须有动词来构成,如:“我累了。”这个句子没有动词作谓语,而用形容词,但英语形容词不能作谓语,一定要写成:I'mtired.
误IhappyIcancometoBeijingZoo.
正IamhappyIcancometoBeijingZoo.
误Theapplescheap.I'lltakesome.
正Theapplesarecheap.I'lltakesome.
5.缺少介词、冠词等
还有一些考生因为没有熟练掌握介词或者冠词的用法,不了解中英文语言习惯的不同,也会出现明显的错误,造成丢分现象。
误Becauseheavyrainwecan'tholdthesportsmeeting.
正Becauseoftheheavyrainwecan'tholdthesportsmeeting.
6.代词的误用
英语中代词的形式很多,包括主格、宾格、物主代词、反身代词等。而汉语中没有主格和宾格、形容词性物主代词和名次性物主代词之分;此外汉语中很多时候不用物主代词,而英语中物主代词是不可省略的,代词的误用是考生最容易发生的错误。
误ImotherandIwenttotheshoptobuyapresentforIfather.
正MymotherandIwenttotheshoptobuyapresentformyfather.
7.句子不完整
有的考生因为对句子结构认识模糊,所以出现只写半句的现象,这也是造成失分的原因之一。
误Manystudentshaveahardtimepassingalltheteststogetintocollege.Forexample,myfriendinhighschool.
(这段文章的第二句话没有动词,他不能独立构成一个句子。这是一个非常常见的'错误,修改的方法是将两个句子连接起来。)
正Manystudentshaveahardtimepassingalltheteststogetintocollege,forexample,myfriendinhighschool.
8.前后不一致
所谓不一致,包括数的不一致、时态不一致及代词不一致、主谓不一致等.
例1.Whenonehaveknowledge,hecandowhathewanttodo.
(人一旦有了知识,他就能想干什么就干什么.)
剖析:one是单数第三人称,因而本句的have应改为has;同理,want应改为wants。本句是典型的主谓不一致.
改为Whenonehasknowledge,hecandowhathewants(todo)
9.时态、人称和数的搭配错误
汉语动词无时态、人称和数的变化,而对英语来说,这些都至关重要。例:
误WhenIgettothestationthetrainleave.
正WhenIgottothestationthetrainhadleft.
10.综合性错误:
综合性错误是指单词的大小写和标点符号的错误等,以及形容词和副词的混淆、连词的误用等等。这些都是靠考生平时知识的积累,所以考生应该从平时练习出发,每天坚持写英语日记,多读适合自己英语水平的原版著作,提高自己的英语素养。
英语作文 错误(4)
1. 审题不清
如 2004 年中考作文要求写一项最喜欢的课外活动,有些考生将作文的主题定位为“我最喜欢的活动”,偏离了“一项、课外活动”这一主题。依据作文的评分原则,若文章内容不切题,则不管语言如何规范、用词如何准确,都会被判为零分。
2.拼写错误
拼写是考生应该具备的最起码的基本功,但在考生的作文中却经常能发现很多拼写错误。有拼写错误的作文肯定会被酌情扣分,而且有大量拼写错误存在的作文不仅体现出语言基本功差,同时也直接影响内容的表达,通常会降低作文的档次。
3.名词单复数问题:
误 My father and my mother is all teacher.
正 My father and my mother are both teachers.
4.缺少动词
在汉语中没有动词的句子是允许的,但英语中每个完整的句子都必须有 动词来构成,如:“我累了。”这个句子没有动词作谓语,而用形容词,但英语形容词不能作谓语,一定要写成:I'm tired.
误 I happy I can come to Beijing Zoo.
正 I am happy I can come to Beijing Zoo.
误 The apples cheap. I'll take some.
正 The apples are cheap. I'll take some.
5.缺少介词、冠词等
还有一些考生因为没有熟练掌握介词或者冠词的用法,不了解中英文语言习惯的不同,也会出现明显的错误,造成丢分现象。
误 Because heavy rain we can't hold the sports meeting.
正 Because of the heavy rain we can't hold the sports meeting.
6.代词的误用
英语中代词的形式很多,包括主格、宾格、物主代词、反身代词等。而汉语中没有主格和宾格、形容词性物主代词和名次性物主代词之分;此外汉语中很多时候不用物主代词,而英语中物主代词是不可省略的,代词的误用是考生最容易发生的错误。
误 I mother and I went to the shop to buy a present for I father.
正 My mother and I went to the shop to buy a present for my father.
7.句子不完整
有的考生因为对句子结构认识模糊,所以出现只写半句的现象,这也是造成失分的原因之一。
误 Many students have a hard time passing all the tests to get into college. For example, my friend in high school.
(这段文章的第二句话没有动词,他不能独立构成一个句子。这是一个非常常见的错误,修改的方法是将两个句子连接起来。)
正 Many students have a hard time passing all the tests to get into college, for example, my friend in high school.
8.前后不一致
所谓不一致,包括数的不一致、时态不一致及代词不一致、主谓不一致等.
例1. When one have knowledge, he can do what he want to do.
(人一旦有了知识,他就能想干什么就干什么.)
剖析:one 是单数第三人称,因而本句的have 应改为has ;同理,want 应改为wants。本句是典型的主谓不一致.
改为 When one has knowledge , he can do what he wants (to do)
9.时态、人称和数的搭配错误
汉语动词无时态、人称和数的变化,而对英语来说,这些都至关重要。例:
误 When I get to the station the train leave.
正 When I got to the station the train had left.
10.综合性错误:
综合性错误是指单词的大小写和标点符号的错误等,以及形容词和副词的混淆、连词的误用等等。这些都是靠考生平时知识的积累,所以考生应该从平时练习出发,每天坚持写英语日记,多读适合自己英语水平的原版著作,提高自己的英语素养。