大学考试（1）

借助说明文的构思方法，看看下列标题问题该如何写：

（1）The Layout of a Hospital

Direction: You are asked to write a composition about “The Layout Of a Hospital”. Locate some important departments in the hospital based on the picture and information given below. Your compositions should be no less than 100 words.

1）the Emergency Department

2）the Out-patient Department

3）the Surgery Department

4）Dispensary/Pharmacy

5）Physician Department

6）the Eye, Ear, and Throat Department

7）the Dental Department

8）the Laboratory

9）the X-ray Department

10）the Administrative Building

11）the Ward

参考范文

Near the gate, on the west side of the road is the Emergency Department. Opposite the Emergency Department across the Main Road is the Out-patient Department. The building to the southwest of the lake is the Dispensary, which faces the Surgery Department lying on the other side of the road. Along the west wall, from south to north, stand three buildings: the Physician Department, the Eye, Ear, and Throat Department, and the Dental Department. The Laboratory is to the northwest of the round about, and beside the Laboratory, the X-ray Department is located on the same side of the road.

A winding road by the lake leads to the Ward. Near the end of the main road, the Administrative Building is situated on the east side. The hospital is nicely and conveniently laid out.

大学考试（2）

关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……

There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that

俗话说(常言道)……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。

There is an old It"s the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even

现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……;其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。

Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily First, ____ Second, What makes things worse is

现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外(而且)……。

Nowadays，it is common to Many people like ______ because Besides。

任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。

Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and

关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为(说)……，在他们看来，……

People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to Some people say that them,

人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。

Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more

……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。

______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their

……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。

______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as

根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出…。很显然…，但是为什么呢?

According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______ Obviously，______，but why?

大学考试（3）

为什么……?第一个原因是……;第二个原因是……;第三个原因是……。总的来说，……的主要原因是由于……

Why______? The first reason is that second reason is third is all this, the main cause of ______due to

相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。

On the contrary，there are some people in favor of the same time，they

但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。

But I don"t think it is a very good way to solve example， of all。

……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，(也是)非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是……

______is necessary and important to our country"s development and First，"s more, important of all,

有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以……。

There are several measures for us to First, we can______

面临……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……，另一方面。

Confronted with______，we should take a series of effective measures For one thing，______For another，______

早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……，另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……。

It is high time that something was done about For these measures will

然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，……也有它的不利的一面，象……。

However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also has its own disadvantages, such as

尽管如此，我相信……更有利。

Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more

完全同意……这种观点(陈述)，主要理由如下：

I fully agree with the statement that ______

大学考试（4）

对立法 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或偏向于某一看法, 适用于有争议性的主题.

When asked , the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that I think/view a bit 在谈到,广大/求说但我觉得/观点有点不同。

When it comes to , some people believe that Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements , but (I tend to the previous/latter ) 当涉及到有些人认为一些人则认为/声称，相反/恰恰相反。可能有一些在两个参数真理/报表，但(我更倾向于前/后

Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that They claim/ believe/argue that But I wonder/doubt

现在，它通常是/一般/普遍认为/月/承认，他们声称/相信/认为不过，我怀疑/怀疑

现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 .

Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide 最近上升的问题/(现象)已造成/引起公众/流行/宽/举世关注

Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of been brought into ( has been brought to public attention) 最近，问题的问题/ 的现象已成为注意的焦点。 (已经被brought公众的注意)

inequality is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face 通货膨胀/贪污/社会不平等又是新的和痛苦的真理，我们必须学会面对的/不断另一个。

观点法 ----开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.

Never history has the change of been as evident as Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of be more visible/popular 历史上从未有改变的被明显的，因为在世界任何地方/中国有问题/思想的更可见/受欢迎的程度

Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) 现在越来越多的人/大量开始/来实现/接受/(知道)的

Now there is a growing awareness/recognition ot the necessity people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of 现在，人们日益认识/认识到有必要逾现在，人们越来越认识到/的重要性的认识

Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea 也许现在是有一个重新审视的态度/想法

引用法 ----- 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点!

"Knowledge is " such is the remark made by This remark has been shared by more and more people . “知识就是力量。”这就是由培根说了。这句话也有同样的越来越多的人。

"Education is not complete with " Such is the opinion of a great American Now more and more people share his “教育是不完整的毕业。”这就是一个伟大的美国哲学家的意见。现在，越来越多的人分享他的意见。

"" How often we hear such statements/words like thoses /this . ""如何我们经常听到这样的声明/放入系统一样的话/本。

In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this "".在我们自己的日子，我们都已经习惯听到这样的传统抱怨，因为这"".

比较法 ------ 通过对过去,现在 两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章要讨论的观点.

For years, been viewed as But people are taking a fresh look With the growing , people . 多年来，已被视为但是，人们正在以新面貌了。随着越来越多 ，人 。

People used to think that (In the past, ) But people now share this 人们曾经以为 (过去，)但是，人们现在这个新的共享。

故事法 ---- 先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣, 引出文章的主题.

Once in (a newspaper) , I read of/learnt The phenomenon of has aroused public 一旦(报纸)，我阅读/学习的现象引起市民关注

I have a friend who Should he ? Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily 我有一个朋友谁如果他 ?这样的困境，我们常常遇到在我们的日常生活的。

Once upon a time , there lived a man who This story may be (unbelievable) , but it still has a realistic significance 从前，有一位男子谁这个故事可能是(难以置信)，但它仍然有现实意义现在

问题法 ----- 先用讨论或解答的设问, 引出自己观点, 适用于有争议性的话题.

Should/What ? Options of vary greatly , some , others

But in my opinion , . 应/什么 ?的选项差别很大，有些，有的但我认为， 。

Chapter 2 文章中间主体内容句型

大学考试（5）

12月19日 上午9:10-11:25

12月19日 下午15:10-17:25

延伸阅读：20xx年12月英语四六级算分标准

写作

33分--条理不清、思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。

39分--基本切题。表达思想不清楚连贯性差。有较多严重的语言错误。

45分--基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯;语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。

57分--切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。

67分--切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺。连贯性较好，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。

文字不足酌情扣分：100-119扣1分;90-99扣3分;80-89扣4分;70-79扣5分;60-69扣6分;50-59扣7分;不足50扣9分。

听力

听力理解共35个，包括短对话、长对话、短文听力及短文听写。听力对话及短文听力共25题，每1题算1个，共25个;短文听写共11题，其中单词听写8题，每2题算1个，句子听写共2题，每1题算2个，共10个。

阅读

阅读理解共35个，包括快速阅读，篇章词汇或短句问答，篇章阅读。快速阅读共10题，每1题算1个，共10个;篇章词汇每2个空算1个，短句问答共5题或8题，每1题算1个或0.625个，共5个;篇章阅读共10题，每1题算2个，共20个。

综合

综合测试共15个，包括完形或改错，翻译。完形共20题，每2题算1个，共10个;改错共10题，每1题算1个，共10个;翻译共5题，每1题算1个，共5个。

四级考试单项分共分为四个部分：听力(35%)、阅读(35%)、完型填空或改错(10%)、作文和翻译(20%)。各单项报道分的满分分别为：听力249分，阅读249分，翻译106分，作文106分。各单项分相加之和等于总分(710分)