中考代词专项讲解及练习人教版

中考代词专项讲解及练习人教版本文简介：代词代词的八种形式：1.人称代词PersonalPronoun2.物主代词PossessivePronoun3.反身代词ReflexivePronoun4.不定代词IndefinitePronoun词类1名词n.表示人或者事物的名称。实词2代词pron.用来代替名词、形容词或数词。3形容词adj.用

中考代词专项讲解及练习人教版本文内容：

代词

代词的八种形式：

1.人称代词

Personal

Pronoun

2.

物主代词

Possessive

Pronoun

3.

反身代词

Reflexive

Pronoun

4.

不定代词

Indefinite

Pronoun

词类

1

名词

n.

表示人或者事物的名称。

实

词

2

代词

pron.

用来代替名词、形容词或数词。

3

形容词

adj.

用以修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征。

4

副词

adv.

用以修饰动词、形容词或其它副词。

5

动词

v.

表示动作或状态。

6

数词

num.

表示数量或顺序。

7

冠词

art.

用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。

虚

词

8

介词

prep.

表示名词、代词等和句中其它词的关系。

9

连词

conj.

用来连接词与词，短语与短语或句与句。

10

感叹词

int.

表示说话时的高兴、惊讶等情感，不在句中担任成分。

句子成分

主语

Subject

宾语

Object

定语

Attribute

补语

Complement谓语

Predicate

表语

Predicative

状语

Adverbial

1.

人称代词

数

格

人称

单数

复数

主格

宾格

主格

宾格

第一人称

I

me

we

us

第二人称

you

you

you

you

第三人称

he

him

they

them

she

her

it

it

人称代词

1.主格作主语

I

like

football.

They

are

student.

2.宾格

a.作宾语

Do

you

know

him?

Come

with

me.

b.作介词的宾语

He

was

playing

tennis

with

us.

Let

the

baby

sit

between

you

and

me.

2.

物主代词

数

人称

种类

单数

复数

第一人称

第二人称

第三人称

第一人称

第二人称

第三人称

形容词性物主代词

my

your

his,her

its

our

your

their

名词性

物主代词

mine

yours

his,hersits

ours

yours

theirs

物主代词

1.形容词性物主代词只可作定语，后面必须更名词。I

like

his

book.

My

parents

love

me.

2.名词性物主代词

a.作主语

Our

house

is

here,and

theirs

is

there.Is

this

her

T-shirt?

No,hers

is

red.

b.作表语

A:

Whose

bike

is

this?

B:

It’s

his.(=his

bike)That

new

flat

is

ours.

c.作宾语

I

have

lost

my

dictionary.

Please

lend

me

yours.

Let’s

clean

their

room

first

and

ours

later.

3.

反身代词

数

人称

单数

复数

第一人称

myself

ourselves

第二人称

yourself

yourselves

第三人称

himself

themselves

herself

itself

反身代词（又称自身代词）

1.表示强调，在句中的位置较灵活

I

cooked

it

myself.

=

I

myself

cooked

it.

You

spoke

to

the

chairman

himself.

2.作宾格

Mary

saw

herself

in

the

mirror.

Tom

taught

himself

English.

3.介词+反身代词

Rose

said

to

herself,“Where

am

I?”

The

children

made

the

model

planes

by

themselves.

人称

单复数

人称代词

物主代词

反身代词

主格

宾格

形容词性

名词性

I

单

I

me

my

mine

myself

复

we

us

our

ours

ourselves

II

单

you

you

your

yours

yourself

复

you

you

your

yours

yourselves

III

单

he

she

it

him

her

it

his

her

its

his

hers

its

himself

herself

itself

复

they

them

their

theirs

themselves

4.

不定代词

1)

复合不定代词

something

anything

nothing

everything

somebody

anybody

nobody

everybody

someone

anyone

no

one

everyone

2)

one

ones3)

some,any4)

one…the

other(s)5)

another6)

both,neither,either7)

all,none

8)

each,every9)

many,much,a

lot10)

(a)

few,(a)

little

11)

it

不定代词

1.复合不定代词

someone,anything等作主语时，其后用单数谓语动词。

a.

Someone

has

told

me

about

this

before.(作主语)Everything

is

ready

for

the

Open

Day.

形容词修饰something,anything,nothing三者时，形容词要放在其后。

b.

I’ve

got

something

interesting

to

tell

you.

c.

I

don’t

know

anything

about

it.=I

know

nothing

about

it.

不定代词

2.

one,ones

数

单数

复数

人称

物主代词

自身代词

One

Ones

One’s

oneself

a.

A:

Look

at

that

boy!

B:

Which

one?

A:

The

one

wearing

a

blue

sweater.(作主语，指人)

b.

Which

T-shirt

do

you

like?

The

one

with

the

V-neck.

(作宾语，指物)

c.

The

old

houses

here

have

been

pulled

down

and

a

lot

of

new

ones

will

be

built.(作宾语，指物)

不定代词

3.

some,any

a.

He

asked

for

more

sauce

and

I

passed

him

some.

b.

Do

you

know

any

of

her

friends?

c.

There

is

much

milk

in

the

fridge.

Would

you

like

some?

(表示邀请)

d.

Haven’t

you

forgotten

something?你难道没忘记什么事吗？

(问者肯定知道被问者忘了什么东西所以用something。)

不定代词

4.

one…the

other(s),some…(the)

others

a.

She

has

got

two

pets.

One

is

a

dog,the

other

is

a

cat.

b.

I

have

three

uncles.

One

is

a

teacher,the

other

two

=

(the

others)

are

engineers.

c.

Some

like

prawns,others

like

crabs.(泛指)

d.

There

are

thirty

students

in

our

class.

Twenty

are

girls.

The

others

(=

The

other

students

)

are

boys.(特指)

不定代词

5.

another

a.

I

don’t

like

this

one.

Show

me

another.(作宾语)

b.

This

book

is

too

difficult

for

me.

Will

you

please

give

me

another

one

(

=

another

book)?

(作定语)

c.

He

got

three

books,one

is

a

dictionary,another

is

a

play,the

third

is

a

grammar.

(作主语)

不定代词

6.

both,neither,either

both

either

neither

含义

两者都（肯定）

两者之中的任意一个

两者都不（否定）

作定语修饰

名词时

名词要用复数

名词要用单数

名词要用单数

作主语时的

谓语动词

用复数

用单数

用单数

常用搭配

both…and…

either…or…

neither…nor…

a.

I

have

two

brothers.

Both

(=Both

brothers)

are

doctors.

I

have

two

brothers.

Either

is

a

doctor.

I

have

tow

brothers.

Neither

is

a

doctor.

b.

Both

my

brother

and

your

sister

have

passed

the

exam.我哥哥和你姐姐两个都通过了考试。Either

my

brother

or

your

sister

has

passed

the

exam.不是我哥哥就是你姐姐考试及格了。(他们之中的一个)

Neither

my

brother

nor

your

sister

has

passed

the

exam.我哥哥和你姐姐两人都没有通过考试。

不定代词

7.

all,none

a.

All

enjoyed

themselves

at

the

party.All

of

us

like

to

eat

potato

chips.(作主语)

=We

all

like

to

eat

potato

chips.(作同位语)

All

the

oil

has

been

used

up.(作主语）

b1)

A:

How

much

bread

is

there?

B:

None.=No

bread.

2)

A:

How

many

students

went

there?

B:

None.=No

students.

B:

None

of

the

students

went

there.

3)

In

the

past,none

of

the

buses

were/was

air-conditioned.

不定代词

8.

each,every

each

Every

1）可修饰人或物

与each相同

2）谓语动词需用单数

与each相同

3）指两个或两个以上中的一个（数量）

指两个（不含两个）以上中的一个

4）侧重于个体、个别（含义）

侧重于全体，意思上等同于all

5）可单独使用，作定语时后面名词要用单数

不可单独使用，后面必须加名词（只能在句中作定语），名词用单数

6）可以和of连用

不可以和of连用，但every

one（分开写）可以和of连用

7）可作同位语、主语、宾语

只能作定语，后面必须跟名词单数

8）没有合成词

有合成词，与one/body/thing组成，合成词后不能加名词，动词要用单数

a.There

are

many

trees

on

each

side

of

the

street.

(因为街只有两边，所以只能用each,不能用every)

b.

Each

boy

here

likes

football.

(each强调每一个男孩，语气比较强烈)

=All

the

boys

here

like

football.

=Every

boy

here

likes

football.

(all强调全体男孩都如此）

c.

Each

of

the

rooms

(them)

is

big

and

bright.

不定代词

9.

many,much,a

lot

many(多数)

只能和复数可数名词连用

在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语

much(多量)

只能和不可数名词连用

主要用于否定句和疑问句中

a

lot

ofmany

a

large

(great)

number

of

=

many

lots

of

plenty

ofmucha

great

(good)

deal

of

=

much

a.There

are

many

new

buildings

is

that

estate.=

There

are

a

lot

of

/

lots

of

new

buildings.

b.

At

the

party

I

didn’t

know

many

people.

c.

How

much

money

do

you

have?

Can

you

lend

me

some?

不定代词

10.

a

few,few,a

little,little

a

few

(肯定)

用于可数名词

在句中可作主语、宾语、定语等

few

(否定)

a

little

(肯定)

用于不可数名词

在句中可作主语、宾语、定语等

little

(否定)

a.There

are

a

few

minutes

left,aren’t

there?

Don’t

worry!

There

is

a

little

time

left,isn’t

there?

Don’t

worry!

b.There

are

few

minutes

left,are

there?

Hurry

up!

There

is

little

time

left,is

there?

Hurry

up!

不定代词

11.

it

It

is

a

robot.(指物)

It

is

raining

now,but

it’ll

be

fine

soon.(指天气)

It’s

cold

in

this

room.(指天气)

1)

A:

What

time

is

it?

B:

It’s

six

thirty.(指时间)

2)

How

far

is

it

from

here

to

the

hospital?

It’s

about

three

miles.(指距离)

6)

It’s

important

(for

us)

to

fight

pollution.(作形式主语)

指示代词

单数

复数

this

these

that

those

1.

Is

this

your

motorcycle?

No,it

isn’t.

2.

Are

those

calculators

expensive?

Yes,they

are.

3.

The

history

of

China

is

as

interesting

as

that

of

America.

4.

The

radios

made

in

Shanghai

are

as

good

as

those(=

the

radios)

made

in

Tianjin.

相互代词

通格

each

other,one

another

所有格

each

other’s,one

another’s

1.

In

school

all

my

classmates

help

one

another

/

each

other.

2.

Don’t

talk

to

each

other

/

one

another.

3.

We

should

point

out

each

other’s

/

one

another’s

shortcomings.

7.

疑问代词

who,whom,whose,what,which…

疑问代词都可用作连接代词，引导名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句)。

8.

关系代词

who,whom,whose,that,which

关系代词是用来引导定语从句。