中考英语考查定语从句的六大考点
中考英语考查定语从句的六大考点
定语从句是初中英语中一个比较重要的语法项目,同时它也是各地中考英语的一个常考考点。综观近年来各地的中考英语试题,定语从句的主要考点集中在两个方面:一是考查指物的关系代词的用法,二是考查指人的关系代词的用法。另外,它有时也会涉及一些其他的方面,但相对考得比较少。
一、考查指物的关系代词的用法(重点)
当先行词为指物的名词或代词时,引导定语从句的关系代词应用that或which,这是各地中考英语命题涉及最多的一个知识点。如:
1. People often like clothes ______ can make them look young.(湖南株洲中考题)
A. when B. who C. that
分析:C。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词clothes(衣服)是“物”,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which或that,故选C。
2. The English-Chinese dictionary ______ my father bought for me many years ago is still of great value.(江苏南京中考题)
A. whose B. when C. who D. that
分析:D。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词dictionary(词典)是“物”,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which或that,故选D。
3. The little boy was wrapping the present ______ would be sent to his teacher.(呼和浩特中考题)
A. who B. / C. what D. that
分析:D。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词present(礼物)是“物”,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which或that,故选D。
4. —What are you looking for?
—I’m looking for the ring ______ my husband bought me last year.(山东滨州中考题)
A. that B. who C. whom D. it
分析:A。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词ring(戒指)是“物”,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which或that,故选A。
二、考查指人的关系代词的用法(重点)
当先行词为指人的名词或代词时,引导定语从句的关系代词应用that, who, whom——that和who可用作主语或宾语,而whom只用作宾语。这是各地中考英语命题涉及相当多的一个知识点(从数量上看,比考查指物的关系代词的用法要少一些)。如:
1. I hate people ______ talk much but do little.(山东泰安中考题)
A. who B. which C. whose D. whom
分析:A。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词people(人们)是“人”,同时关系代词在定语从句中作主语,所以要用who,故选A。
2. Most students like the teachers ______ understand them well. (浙江嘉兴中考题)
A. who B. when C. what D. which
分析:A。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词teachers(教师)是“人”,同时关系代词在定语从句中作主语,所以要用who,故选A。
3. Success will belong to those ______ never say “impossible”.(河南中考题)
A. whom B. what C. who D. which
分析:C。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词those(那些人)是“人”,同时在定语从句中作主语,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用who,故选A。
4. —Do you know the girl ______ is helping the old woman.
—Oh, that’s my sister. (贵州黔东南州中考题)
A. whom B. whose C. who D. where
分析:C。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词girl(女孩)是“人”,同时在定语从句中作主语,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用who,故选A。