高考英语二轮专题复习状语从句

2012高考英语二轮专题复习状语从句本文简介：第12讲状语从句1.OneFriday,wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendaway______mydaughterheardcriesforhelp.(2011浙江卷)A.afterB.whileC.sinceD.when【答案及解析】1.D考查状语从句的连词。题干的前面

2012高考英语二轮专题复习状语从句本文内容：

第

12

讲

状语从句

1.

One

Friday,we

were

packing

to

leave

for

a

weekend

away

______

my

daughter

heard

cries

for

help.

(2011浙江卷)

A.

after

B.

while

C.

since

D.

when

【答案及解析】1.

D

考查状语从句的连词。题干的前面是一个完整的句子。we

were

packing

to

leave

for

a

weekend

away为主句，时态为过去进行时，故排除选项A、C；连词后面的句子一定是从句，时态为一般现在时，故排除B。

【答案及解析】意思是“……当我女儿听到呼救声时，我们正在打包准备外出度周末。”本题也可以从when的用法去分析：when作并列连词时，其意义为“就在那时，这时”，相当于and

at

this/that

time，常用于下列句型中：

Sb.

was

doing

sth.

Sb.

was

about

to

do

sth.

Sb.

had

just

done

sth.

when

sth.

happened.

2.

—

How

about

camping

this

weekend,just

for

a

change?

—

OK,______

you

want.

(2010浙江卷)

A.

whichever

B.

however

C.

whatever

D.

whoever

【答案及解析】2.

C

本题考查让步状语从句的引导词。句意：“这个周末野营怎么样，来点新鲜的？”“好啊，按你的意思办吧！”句子缺少宾语，故用whatever。原句相当于：Whatever

you

want,I

will

do

it.

在句子中修饰谓语(或其他动词)、形容词、副词或是整个句子的从句叫状语从句。状语从句可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。

表示时间的状语从句的引导词很多，根据意义和主从句之间的时间关系，又可分类如下：

时间状语从句

1.

表示同时性，

即主从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。

其连词有：when

(当……的时候),while(当……的时候),as(当……的时候),as

soon

as(一……就……),once(一旦……)等。

2.

表示先时或后时，即主句的谓语动作发生在从句之前或之后。

主要连词有：after

(在……后),before

(在……之前),when

(＝after)等。

3.

表示习惯性、经常性，即从句描述的不是一次性动作，而是经常发生的习惯性动作。

主要连词有every

time(每次),each

time(每次),whenever(每当)等。

4.

表示持续性或瞬间性。

主要连词有：since(自从),ever

since(自从),until(直到……才/为止),till(直到……才/为止)等。

5.

有些单词或词组也可引导时间状语从句。

the

time(当……的时刻),the

moment(当……的时刻),by

the

time(到……时候为止),next

time(下次),the

first

time(第一次……的时候),the

last

time(上次……的时候)，immediately(一……就……),instantly(一……就……),directly(一……就……)等词或词组以及hardly

/scarcely…when…（刚……就……),no

sooner…than…(刚……就……)。

例句:When

I

came

into

the

office,the

teachers

were

having

a

meeting.

He

started

as_soon_as

he

received

the

news.

Once

you

see

him,you

will

never

forget

him.

No_sooner

had

I

gone

to

bed

than

I

went

to

sleep.

原因状语从句

原因状语从句表示原因或理由。表示原因的状语从句可以由as(由于),because(因为),since(既然),now

(that)(既然),considering

that(顾及到),seeing

that(由于)等连词引导。

He

is

disappointed

because_he

didn

t

get

the

position.

As

it

is

raining,I

will

not

go

out.

Now_that

you

mention

it,I

do

remember.

地点状语从句

引导地点状语从句的连词是where

和wherever等。

Sit

wherever

you

like.

Make

a

mark

where

you

have

a

question.

目的状语从句

引导目的状语从句最常用的词(组)是so,so

that,in

order

that,in

case(以防，以免),for

fear

that(以便)等，

从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can,could,may,might,should等。

Speak

clearly,so_that

they

may

understand

you.

结果状语从句

结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。引导结果状语从句的连词有：that,so

that(从句中不带情态动词),so…that…(如此……以致……),such…that…(如此……以致……)等。

She

was

ill,so_that

she

didn

t

attend

the

meeting.

She

is

such

a

good

teacher

that

everyone

admires

her.

条件状语从句

表示条件的状语从句可以由if(如果),unless(除非),in

case(万一),so

/as

long

as(只要),as/

so

far

as(就……而言),on

condition

that(条件是……),suppose(假设),supposing(假设)(仅用在问句中)等词或词组引导。一般情况下当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。

注意：条件从句中的if

不能用whether替换。

If

he

is

not

in

the

office,he

must

be

out

for

lunch.

You

can

go

swimming

on_condition_that

(

＝

if

)

you

don

t

go

too

far

away

from

the

river

bank.

If

he

had

come

a

few

minutes

earlier,he

could

have

seen

her.

让步状语从句

让步状语从句由although(尽管),though(尽管),however(无论怎样),whatever(无论什么),whoever(无论谁),whomever(无论谁),whichever(无论哪个),whenever(无论何时),wherever(无论哪里),whether(是否),no

matter

(who,what,where,when,etc.)

(无论……),even

if(即使),even

though(即使)等词引导。

注意：as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。

Though

he

is

a

child,he

knows

a

lot.

Child

as

he

is,he

knows

a

lot.

Whatever_(_＝_No_matter_what_)

you

say,I

ll

never

change

my

mind.

方式状语从句

方式状语从句常由as,as

if

(though),the

way,rather

than等引导。

You

must

do

the

rcise

as

I

show

you.

He

acted

as_if

nothing

had

happened.

比较状语从句

比较状语从句常用than,so

(as)…as…，

the

more…

the

more…等引导。

I

have

made

a

lot

more

mistakes

than_you

have.

The_busier

he

is,the_happier

he

feels.

易错易混点

使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题

1．时态问题

在时间和条件(有时也在方式、让步等)从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。

We

ll

go

outing

if

it

doesn

t_rain

tomorrow.

2．状语从句的省略

有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句，如果从句的主语与主句主语一致(或虽不一致，是it)，从句的谓语又包含动词be，就可省略从句中的“主语

＋

be”部分。

When

(he

was)

still

a

boy

of

ten,he

had

to

work

day

and

night.

If

(you

are)

asked

you

may

come

in.

If

(it

is)

necessary

I

ll

explain

to

you

again.

3．注意区分不同从句

引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判断。以where为例，能引导多种从句。

You

are

to

find

it

where

you

left

it.

(地点状语从句)

Tell

me

the

address

where

he

lives.

(定语从句，句中有先行词)

I

don

t

know

where

he

came

from.

(宾语从句)

Where

he

has

gone

is

not

known

yet.

(主语从句)

This

place

is

where

they

once

hid.

(表语从句)

4.

before的几种用法

It

will

be

a

year

before

we

meet

again.

(才……)

(一段时间＋before)

The

boy

had

left

before

I

could

thank

him.

(还来不及……就……)

5.

when,while,as

(1)while

表时间，从句需用延续性动词，不用瞬间动词；

(2)when

表时间，从句既可用延续性动词，又可以用瞬间动词；

(3)as

表时间，与when

相似，但侧重强调主、从句动作同点或同段进行，可用延续性动词的一般过去式表示过去进行时。

(4)when,while

后还可以接分词短语。when

作并列连词，表示一个动作在发生时，另一个动作接着发生，这时就不能用while,as。

I

was

walking

on

the

street

when

suddenly

someone

patted

me

on

the

shoulder.

(5)while

作并列连词，表示两种情况对比。

He

was

playing

the

guitar

while

his

sister

was

watching

TV.