高中高考英语考点系统介词
高中高考英语考点系统介词本文简介:高中英语考点系统介词一.概念:介词表示它后面的名词或相当于名词的其他结构与句中其他成分的关系.二.相关知识点精讲1.表示地点位置的介词1)at,in,on,toat(1)表示在小地方;(2)表示“在……附近,旁边”in(1)表示在大地方;(2)表示“在…范围之内”。on表示毗邻,接壤to表示在……范
高中高考英语考点系统介词本文内容:
高中英语考点系统介词
一.概念:
介词表示它后面的名词或相当于名词的其他结构与句中其他成分的关系.
二.相关知识点精讲
1.表示地点位置的介词
1)at,in,on,to
at
(1)表示在小地方;
(2)表示“在……附近,旁边”
in
(1)表示
在大地方;
(2)表示“在…范围之内”。
on
表示毗邻,接壤
to
表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤
He
arrived
at
the
station
at
ten.
He
is
sitting
at
the
desk.
He
arrived
in
Shanghai
yesterday.
Jiangsu
lies
in
the
east
of
China.
Russia
lies
on
the
north
of
China.
Fujian
is
to
the
south
of
Jiangsu
Province.
2)above,over,on
在……上
above
指在……上方,不强调是否垂直,与
below相对;
over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间,不直接接触。
on表示某物体上面并与之接触。
The
bird
is
flying
above
my
head.
There
is
a
bridge
over
the
river.
He
put
his
watch
on
the
desk.
3)below,under
在……下面
under表示在…正下方
below表示在……下,不一定在正下方
There
is
a
cat
under
the
table.
Please
write
your
name
below
the
line.
2.表示时间的介词
1)in,on,at
在……时
in表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。
如
in
the
20th
century,in
the
1950s,in
1989,in
summer,in
January,in
the
morning,in
the
night,in
one’s
life,in
one’s
thirties等。
on表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。
如on
May
1st,on
Monday,on
New
Year’s
Day,on
a
cold
night
in
January,on
a
fine
morning,on
Sunday
afternoon等。
at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。
如at
3:20,at
this
time
of
year,at
the
beginning
of,at
the
end
of
…,at
the
age
of
…,at
Christmas,
at
night,at
noon,at
this
moment等。
注意:在last,next,this,that,some,every
等词之前一律不用介词。如:We
meet
every
day.
2)in,after
在……之后
“in
+段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后;
“after+段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后;
“after+将来点时间”表示将来的某一时刻以后。
My
mother
will
come
back
in
three
or
four
days.
He
arrived
after
five
months.
She
will
appear
after
five
o’clock
this
afternoon.
3)from,since
自从……
from仅说明什么时候开始,不说明某动作或情况持续多久;
since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻,通常与完成时连用。
He
studied
the
piano
from
the
age
of
three.
They
have
lived
here
since
1978.
4)after,behind
在……之后
after主要用于表示时间;
behind主要用于表示位置。
We
shall
leave
after
lunch.
Lucy
is
hiding
behind
an
old
house.
3.表运动方向的介词:across,through
通过,穿过
across表示横过,即从物体表面通过,与on有关;
through穿过,即从物体内部穿过,与in有关。
She
swam
across
the
river.
He
walked
through
the
forest.
4.表示“在……之间”的介词:between,among
between指在两个人或两个事物之间;
among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。
There
is
a
football
match
between
Class
One
and
Class
Two
on
the
playground.
The
teacher
is
standing
among
the
students.
5.表示其他意义的介词
1)on,about
关于
on
表示这本书,这篇文章或演说是严肃的,或学术性的,可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读;
about表示内容较为普通,不那么正式。
There
will
be
a
lecture
on
economics
this
afternoon.
He
is
writing
a
book
on
cooking.
He
told
me
a
lot
about
his
life
in
the
summer
vocation.
2)by,with,in
表示方法、手段、工具
by
以……方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具;
with
表示用
…工具、手段,一般接具体的工具和手段;
in
表示用…方式,用…语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等;
He
makes
a
living
by
selling
newspapers.
He
broke
the
window
with
a
stone.
The
foreigner
spoke
to
us
in
English.
3)except,besides
除了
except
除……之外,不包括在内;
besides
除……之外,包括在内。
Except
Mr.
Wang,we
went
to
see
the
film.(王先生没去)
Besides
Mr.
Wang,we
also
went
to
see
the
film.(王先生也去了)
巩固练习
1.
Taiwan
is
________
the
southeast
of
China.(in,on,to)
2.
Go
_________
the
bridge
_________
the
river,you’ll
find
the
shop.(across,through;
over,above)
3.
I
go
to
school
__________7:30
every
morning.(in,on,at)
4.
He
would
like
to
meet
her
__________8:00
and
9:00
tomorrow
morning.(between,among
)
5.
The
Greens
have
lived
in
China
________
three
years.(in,for,after)
6.
We
go
to
school
every
day
________
Saturday
and
Sunday.(except,besides)
7.
He
wrote
the
letter
_________
ink.(by,with,in)
8.
She
returned
to
her
country
_________five
years.(in,after,for)
9.
There
is
a
big
tree
_________
our
classroom.(after,behind)
10.
I
usually
go
to
work
_________
bike.(by,on,with)
答案
1.in
2.across,over
3.at,4.between
5.for
6.except
7.in
8.after
9.behind
10.by