TheSimilarAndDifferentRegulationsOnIndu演讲范文

Abstract:WithChinaenteringWTO,moreandmoreChineseindustrialdesignerswanttoapplyinternationallytoregistertheirdesignsoutsideChina.ThispapershowsyouthedetailedcomparisonaboutregulationsconcerningindustrialdesignsbetweenChinaandCanada,givessomesuggestionsabouttheprocesstoregisterinternationallytoprotectChineseapplier.Somehintsimposedonthedifferencebetweenthetwocountrieswillhelptoimproveourpatentlaw.KEYWORDS:Industrialdesign,China,Canada1.Generalintroductiononindustrialdesigns1.1Whatisanindustrialdesign?1.1.1OfWIPOAnindustrialdesignistheornamentalofaestheticaspectofanarticle.Thedesignmayconsistofthree-dimensionalfeatures,suchastheshapeorsurfaceofanarticle,oroftwo-dimensionalfeatures,suchaspatterns,linesorcolor.Industrialdesignsareappliedtoawidevarietyofproductsofindustryandhandicraft.Tobeprotectedundermostnationallaws,anindustrialdesignmustappealtotheeye.Thismeansthatanindustrialdesignisprimarilyofanaestheticnature,anddoesnotprotectanytechnicalfeaturesofthearticletowhichitisapplied.1.1.2OfCHINADesigninthePatentLawmeansanynewdesignoftheshape,thepatternortheircombination,orthecombinationofthecolorwithshapeorpattern,ofaproductwithcreatesanaestheticfeelinganditfitsforindustrialapplication.1.1.3OfCANADADesignofindustrialdesignmeansfeaturesofshape,configuration,patternorornamentandanycombinationofthosefeaturesthat,inafinishedarticle,appealtoandarejudgedsolelybytheeye.1.2OtherformsofIntellectualPropertyInChina,Intellectualpropertycanbegenerallyclassifiedaspatent,copyright,trademark.Patents,orinotherwords,inventions-creations,meaninventions,utilitymodelsanddesigns.Sothatthedesignsareoneofthesubdivisionsofpatents.Whereas,inCanada,inadditiontoindustrialdesigns,thereotherformsofintellectualproperty,aspatents,copyrights,andintegratedcircuittopographies.Hereby,patentscovernewinventions(process,machine,manufacture,compositionofmatter),oranynewandusefulimprovementofanexistinginvention.Sothatindustrialdesignshavetheequalstatuestopatents,asoneofthesubdivisionsofintellectualproperty.1.3Whyprotectindustrialdesigns?Industrialdesignsarewhatmakeanarticleattractiveandappealing;hence,theyaddtothecommercialvalueofaproductandincreaseitsmarketability.Whenanindustrialdesignisprotected,theowner-thepersonorentitythathasregisteredthedesign-isassuredanexclusiverightagainstunauthorizedcopyingorimitationofthedesignbythirdparties.Thishelpstoensureafairreturnoninvestment.Aneffectivesystemofprotectionalsobenefitsconsumersandthepublicatlarge,bypromotingfaircompetitionandhonesttradepractices,encouragingcreativity,andpromotingmoreaestheticallyattractiveproduct.Protectingindustrialdesignshelpseconomicdevelopment,byencouragingcreativityintheindustrialandmanufacturingsectors,aswellasinthetraditionalartsandcrafts.Theycontributetotheexpansionofcommercialactivitiesandtheexportofnationalproducts.Industrialdesignscanberelativelysimpleandinexpensivetodevelopandprotect.Theyarereasonablyaccessibletosmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesaswellastoindividualartistsandcraftsmen,inbothindustrializedanddevelopingcountries.1.4Howcanindustrialdesignsbeprotected?Inmostcountries,anindustrialdesignmustberegisteredinordertobeprotectedunderIndustrialDesignLaw.AsforChina,theregulationsondesignareunderthePatentLawofPeople’sRepublicofChina(PRC)anditsimplementingregulations;AsforCanada,TheIndustrialDesignActandIndustrialDesignRegulationsdetailstheregulationsthatgoverndesignrights.Asageneralrule,toberegisterable,thedesignmustbe“new”or“original”.Differentcountrieshavevaryingdefinitionsofsuchterms,aswellasvariationsintheregistrationprocessitself.Generally,“new”meansthatnoidenticalorverysimilardesignisknowntohaveexistedbefore.Dependingontheparticularnationallawandthekindofdesign,anindustrialdesignmayalsobeprotectedasaworkofartundercopyright.2.Themaindifferenceconcerningregistration2.1WhentofileanapplicationThereisnotimelimitforfilinganapplicationaslongasthedesignhadneverbeenpublished.Theterm“published”meansthatthedesignhasbeenmadepublic(eventoyournei***ors)orofferedforcommercialsaleoruseanywhereintheworld.Itisbesttofileanquicklyaspossibleifpublicationhasoccurred.Inchina,andesignapplicationdoesnotloseitsnoveltywhere,withinsixmonthsbeforethedateoffiling,oneofthefollowingeventsoccurred:[1]whereitwasfirstexhibitedataninternationalexhibitionsponsoredofrecognizedbytheChineseGovernment;whereitwasfirstmadepublicataprescribedacademicortechnologicalmeeting;whenitwasdisclosedbyanypersonwithouttheconsentoftheapplicant.InCanada,thedesignshallberefusedtoberegisterediftheapplicationisfiledmorethanoneyearafterthepublicationofthedesigninCanadaofsomewhere.2.2whocanapply?OnlytheproprietorofadesignmayapplyforandobtainregistrationforanindustrialdesignbothinChinaandCanada,whilethereexistslittledifferencebetweenthetwocountriesonthequestionthatwhocanbedefinedasproprietor.[1]usuallyyouareconsideredtheproprietorifyouhavecreatedthedesign;ifyouworktogetherwithotherpersontocreatadesign,youshouldfileforregistrationasjointproprietors(unlessyouareallworkingundercontractorcommission);ifyouhaveacquiredownershipofadesign,thenyoumayapply;ifyouareemployeeofacompanyanddevelopdesignaspartofyouremployment,thentheemployermaybetheproprietor.Inthatcase,onlytheemployermayapplyinCanada;whileinchina,theentityandtheinventororcreatormayenterintoacontractinwhichtherighttoapplyforandowntheexclusiverightisprovidedfor;ifyouhavebeenhiredundercontracttodevelopdesignforsomeoneelse,thenthatpersonistheproprietorandistheonlyoneentitledtoapplyforregistrationinCanada;whereasinthatcaseinChina,therighttoapplyforregistrationbelongs,unlessotherwiseagreedupon,totheentityorindividualthatmadethedesign.2.3Whatrequirementstomakedesignsregisterable?InCanada,theministershallregisterthedesigniftheministerfindsthatitisnotidenticalwithordosenotsocloselyresembleanyotherdesignalreadyregisteredastobeconfoundedtherewith,andshallreturntotheproprietorthereofthedrawingorphotographanddescriptionwiththecertificaterequired.InChina,anydesignforwhichpatentfightmaybegrantedmustnotbeidenticalwithandsimilartoanydesignwhich,beforethedateoffallinghasbeenpubliclydisclosedinpublicationsinthecountryorabroadorhasbeenpubliclyusedinthecountry,andmustnotbeinconflictwithanypriorrightofanyotherperson.2.4Whatyoucannotregister?InCanada,youcannotregisterthefollowingundertheIndustrialDesignAct:[1]Designsthatareutilitarianonlyandwhicharenotintendedtoprovidevisualappeal;Designsthathavenofixedappearance;Designsforcomponentsthatarenotclearlyvisible;amethodofconstruction;anidea;materialsusedintheconstructionofanarticle;theusefulfunctionofthearticle;orcolor.InChina,foranyofthefollowing,nopatentrightshallbegranted:[1]scientificdiscoveries;rulesandmethodsformentalactivities;methodsfordiagnosesorforthetreatmentforthediseases;animalandplantvarieties;substancesobtainedbymeansofnucleartransformation.Fromtheaboveregulations,wecanseethattheChineseregulationsismoregenericforallofthethreetypesofcreation-inventions;andtheCanadian’sismorespecialindetailondesigns.Soweshouldabsorbsomeoftheminourimplementingregulationsofpatentlaw.2.5searchingofofficerecordpriortofilinganapplicationPriortofilinganapplication,youmaywishtoconductasearchofofficerecordsinordertobetterdeterminewhetheryourdesignistrulynewandoriginal.Thiswillgiveyoutheopportunitytoseeotherregistereddesigns.Youshouldalsokeepyourdesignconfidential.2.6Howlongtheprocesstakes?InCanada,theOfficedosenotregisteranydesignuntilsixmonthsafterthedateoffiling.Normallyittakesbetweeneightandtwelvemonthstohaveyourapplicationexamined.Whileinchina,thereisnosuchkindofprovisionsconcerningthetermofprocessofdesigns.2.7DurationofprotectionBothinthetwocountries,durationofprotectionofindustrialdesignsisforten-yearterm,whilethebeginningdateisquitedifferent.InCanada,itisthedateofregistration-usuallysixmonthsafterthedateoffiling;inchina,itisthedateoffiling.Oncetheten-yeartermhasexpired,anyoneisfreetomake,import,rentorselletc.,thedesigns.2.8ExtensionofprotectionInCanada,yourapplicationmustincludeadescriptionwhichidentifiesthefeaturesthatconstitutethedesignsincethecourtmayuseyourdescriptiontohelpdeterminethelimitsofprotectionforyourdesign,youshouldwordyourdescriptionwithcareandprecision.Ifyourdescriptionistoobroad,youmayover-extendthescopeofthedesign,anditmaybeimpossibletoenforce.Ifitistoonarrow,youmaylimitthescopeofthedesignorleaveoutfeaturesthatyouintendedtoprotect.InChina,theextendofprotectionofthepatentrightfordesignshallbedeterminedbytheproductincorporatingthepatenteddesignasshowninthedrawingsofthephotographs.2.9PreparingyourapplicationAnapplicationforregistrationofanindustrialdesignhasthreebasicelementsas:[1]theapplicationform;atleastonedrawingorphotographofthedesign;andtherequiredfee(s).Theapplicationmustincludeatitlethatidentifiesthefinishedarticletowhichthedesignisapplied.Itshouldbethecommonnameusedinthetrade.Thedescription,alongwithdrawingsandtitle,mustprovideanactualpictureofthedesign.OnlyforCanada,eachindustrialdesignapplicationmustbelimitedtoasingledesignorto“variants”.Variantsaredesignswhichdonotdiffersubstantiallyfromoneanother.Youmayaddvariantsofthedesigntoyourapplicationanytimebeforeregistration.2.10FeesInCanada,youmustpayafeetomakeyourapplicationexaminedbytheIndustrialDesignOffice.Thereadditionalfeesformaintenanceandlatepaymentofthemaintenancefeeofdesigns.Beforetheexpiryoffive-yearsfromthedateofregistration,amaintenancefeemustbepaidortheprotectionwillcease.Inchina,youshallanannualfeebeginningwiththeyearinwhichtheexclusiverightofdesignwasgranted.Failingtopaytheannualfeewillresultinceasingofprotectionbeforetheexpirationofitsduration.Themaintenancefeejustexistsinfieldofapplyingforapatentforinvention.Thatiswheretheapplicantforapatentforinventionhadnotbeengrantedapatentrightwithintwoyearsfromthedateoffiling;theapplicantshallpayafeeforthemaintenanceoftheapplicantfromthethirdyear.3.Themainregulationsonprocess3.1ThesimilarprocessofobtainingadesignregistrationTheprocessofobtainingadesignregistrationismadeupofthreedistinctphases:[1]initialprocessing(whenyoufirstfiletheapplication)examination;registration3.1.1InitialprocessingYourapplicationwillundergopreliminaryreviewbystafftoensurethatbasicadministrativerequirementshavebeenmet.Iftheapplicationiscompleteafilingcertificatewillbeissued;thisismerelyanacknowledgementthattheapplicationhasbeenreceivedandprocessedafilingdateissued.Italsogivesyouthenumberassignedtoyourapplicationsothatyoucanrefertothatnumberinlatercorrespondence.Iftheapplicationisincomplete,youwillalsoreceiveareport,advisingyouofwhatisrequiredtocompleteit.EveryreportissuedbytheOfficewillgiveaduedateforreply.Ifyoudonotreplybythatduedateyourapplicationwillbeconsideredabandoned.3.1.2examinationThefirststepinthisphaseoftheprocessistheclassificationofyourapplicationaccordingtotheparticulartypeofarticletowhichitrelates.Thisisfollowedbyaformalassessmentbyanexaminerwhowillstudyyourdescriptionanddrawingsorphotographs.Thiswillthenbecomparedwithpreviouslyregistereddesignsanddesignspublishedanywhereintheworldtoensurethatyourdesigninoriginalorregisterable.Youdesigncannotbethesameorsimilartoadesignalreadyappliedtoasimilararticleofmanufacture.Thewordingofthedescriptionwillalsobeconsideredtoseethatitactuallyandadequatelydescribesthedesignfeaturesshowninthedrawings.Followingthisassignmenttheexaminerwilleitherallowtheapplicationforregistrationorissueareport.Thereportwilloutlinetheexaminer’sfindingsandtellyouwhatinformationoramendmentsarerequired.Shoulddifferentpeopleapplytoregisteressentiallythesamedesign,theOfficewillexaminetheapplicationsonafirst-come,first-servedbasis.Theapplicationwiththeearlierfilingdatewillberegistered.3.1.3registrationOnceapprovedbytheexamineryourdesignwillberegisteredassoonaspossibleprovidedyouhavenotrequesteddelayedregistration.Youwillreceiveacertificateofregistration.Thiscertificateisevidenceofownershipandtheoriginalityofyourdesignandgivesyoutheexclusiverighttomake,importfortradeorbusiness,rentorsellorexposeforsaleorrent,anyarticleinrespectofwhichthedesignisregisteredandtowhichthedesignisapplied.3.2ThedifferentprocessofobtainingadesignregistrationTheprocessofrequestsfordelayedregistrationonlyexistinCanada.Itispossiblethatyoumaywanttodelayregistration.Forexample,youmaywishtoallowtimetomarketorfileyourdesignoutofCanada.Inthiscase,youshouldinformtheOfficeinwriting.Youmayexercisetheoptiontodelayregistrationatthetimeoffilingyourapplicationoratanytimebeforeitisregistered.4.Themainregulationsonproprietor’srights4.1Markingrightsonaproductorit’spackingThepatenteehastherighttoaffixapatentmarkingandtoindicatethenumberofthepatentonthepatentedproductoronthepackingofthatproduct.Youdonothavetomarkyourdesigninordertoindicatethatitisregisteredasadesign,butmarkingdosegiveyouextraprotection.Thepropermarkisacapital“D”insideacircleandthename,orabbreviationthereof,ofthedesign’sproprietoronthearticle,itslabelorpackaging.4.2EnforcingyourrightsfrominfringementAsproprietor,youmaytakelegalactionagainstanyonewhoinfringesyourdesigninCanada,itisyourresponsibilitytotakesuchactionandyoumustdosowithinthreeyearsoftheallegedinfringement.InChinawhereadisputearisesasaresultoftheexploitationofapatentwithouttheauthorizationofpatentee,thatis,theinfringementofthepatentrightofthepatentee,itshallbetitledthroughconsultationbytheparties.Wherethepartiesarenotwillingtoconsultwitheachotherorwheretheconsultationfails,thepatenteeoranyinterestedpartymayinstitutelegalproceedingsinthePeople’scourtorrequesttheadministrativeauthorityfallpatentaffairstohandlethematter.Prescriptionforinstitutinglegalproceedingsconcerningtheinfringementofpatentrightistwoyearscountedfromthedateonwhichthepatenteeofanyinterestedpartyobtainsorshouldhaveobtainedknowledgeoftheinfringingact.4.3MarketingrightsInbothcountries,astheproprietorofaregisteredindustrialdesign,youhavetheexclusiverighttomake,importfortradeorbusiness,rentorsellaproductincorporatingthatorasimilardesign.Youmayalsosellallorsomeofyourrightstoothers(thisisreferredtoasanassignment)or,youcansimplyauthorizeotherstousethedesignsubjecttostatedconditions(thisisreferredtoasalicense).4.4RegistrationoutsidethenativecountryorforinternationalprotectionGenerally,industrialdesignprotectionislimitedtothecountryinwhichprotectionisgranted.UndertheHagueAgreementConcerningtheInternationalDepositofIndustrialDesigns,aWIPO-administeredtreaty,aprocedureforaninternationalregistrationisoffered.AnapplicantcanfileasingleinternationaldepositeitherwithWIPOofthenationalofficeofacountrywhichispartytothetreaty.Thedesignwillthenbeprotectedinasmanymembercountriesofthetreatyastheapplicantwishes.Itisimportanttonotethatinsomecountriesyourapplicationcouldberejectedifyouorsomeoneelsehaspreviouslyregisteredthedesign.4.5PriorityrightsProceduresforobtaininginternationaldesignrightsarepartiallygovernedbyaninternationaltreatycalledtheParisConventionfortheProtectionofIndustrialProperty.TheParisConvention,whichhassome90membercountries,includingCanada,allowsapplicantstoinvokewhatiscalled“conventionpriority”.ThismeansthatsomeonewhohasfiledfordesignregistrationinoneConventioncountryhassixmonthsinwhichtofileanapplicationforthedesigninanothercountryandbeaccordedthesamerightsasifh/shehadfiledinthesecondcountryontheoriginalfilingdate.References:lIndustrialDesignActofCanada(R.S.1985,c.1-9)lIndustrialDesignsRegulationsofCanada(1-9-SOR/99-460)lPatentLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina(AmendedonAugust25,2000)lImplementingRegulationsofthePatentlawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina(PromulgatedonJune15,2001)lParisConventionfortheProtectionofIndustrialProperty.lPatentCooperateTreaty

TheSimilarAndDifferentRegulationsOnIndu