gmat逻辑题答案

gmat逻辑题衡量你在阅读和理解书面材料，审视推理论据，以及改正书面材料使其符合标准书面英语规范的能力。下面列举一些gmat逻辑题及答案，感兴趣的小伙伴可以看一下。

【逻辑】

From 1978 to 1988, beverage containers accounted for asteadily decreasing percentage of the total weight of household garbage in theUnited States. The increasinglywidespread practice of recycling aluminum and glass was responsible for most ofthis decline. However, although aluminumrecycling was more widely practiced in this period than glass recycling, it wasfound that the weight of glass bottles in household garbage declined by a greaterpercentage than the weight of aluminum cans.

Which of the following, if true of the United States inthe period 1978 to 1988, most helps to account for the finding？

(A) Glass bottles are significantly heavier than aluminumcans of comparable size.

(B) Recycled aluminum cans were almost all beveragecontainers, but a significant fraction of the recycled glass bottles hadcontained products other thanbeverages.

(C) Manufacturersreplaced many glass bottles, but few aluminum cans, with plastic containers.

(D) The total weight of glass bottles purchased byhouseholds increased at a slightly faster rate than the total weight ofaluminum cans.

(E) In many areas, glass bottles had to be sorted bycolor of the glass before being recycled, whereas aluminum cans required nosorting.

GMAT逻辑答案:

参考答案: C

思路：需要解释的现象：the weight of glass bottlesin household garbage declined by a greater percentage than the weight ofaluminum cans.

正确答案作用：1. 需要解释这个比较，所以答案也是要比较glass bottles 和aluminum cans;2. 最好用转折前的现象来解释转折后的现象。

思考：aluminum cans 被recycle的数量很多，为什么下降的比例没有那么多。很明显，这是一个比例和绝对数量的问题。那就是aluminum cans在市场中的基数比glass bottles多。

选项分析：A：虽然是glass bottles跟aluminum cans的比较，但是哪个更重跟需要解释的现象没有关系;

B：也是在对比glass bottles和aluminum cans。 但是对比的是它们是不是beverage containers, 这个跟谁的基数大没有关系。并且有范围扩大词other than;

D：glassbottles购买的增加比aluminum cans多，文章中又说recycle的 aluminum cans 比较多，那应该说明aluminum cans下降的比较多才对，与现象刚好相反，也和我们的“思考的市场中的基数”刚好相反;

E: 在被recycle之前，到底会不会根据颜色分类，与它们比例的下降没有关系;

C：确实是对比glass bottles和aluminum cans。制造商用plastic containers替换了很多的glass bottles而几乎没替换aluminum cans。这说明在市场中，glass bottles较少，aluminum cans较多，也就是aluminum cans基数大。刚好解释了为什么aluminum cans的下降比例少。正确答案。

GMAT逻辑题目:

State spokesperson: Many businesspeople who have not been to our state believe that we havean inadequate road system. Those people are mistaken,as is obvious from the fact that in each of the past six years, our state hasspent more money per mile on road improvements than any other state.

Which of the following, if true, most seriouslyundermines the reasoning in the spokesperson's argument？

(A) In the spokesperson's state, spending on roadimprovements has been increasing more slowly over the past six years than ithas in several other states.

(B) Adequacy of a state's road system is generally lessimportant to a businessperson considering doing business there than is theavailability of qualified employees.

(C) Over the past six years, numerous businesses haveleft the spokesperson's state, but about as many businesses have moved into thestate.

(D) In general, the number of miles of road in a state'sroad system depends on both the area and the population of the state.

(E)Only states with seriously inadequate road systems need to spend large amountsof money on road improvements.

GMAT逻辑答案:

参考答案: E

思路：A：花在路上的钱比起其它州增加的很厉害, 按照文中的逻辑应该是加强了结论。

B：无关比较。比较对象availability of qualified employee在文中没有出现过。

C: 无关比较。businesses有没有来到这州，跟它有没有inadequateroad system没关系;

D: road的公里数dependson both the area and the population of the state这个跟这个州有没有inadequate road system没有关系。

E: 只有那些有inadequate road system的州才会花很多钱，那这个州确实花了很多钱(原因)，说明它确实有inadequate road system. 正确答案。

GMAT逻辑题目:

Conservationist: The population of a certain wildflower is so small that the species is headed for extinction. However, this wildflower can cross-pollinate with a closely related domesticated daisy, producing viable seeds. Such cross-pollination could result a significant population of wildflower-daisy hybrids. The daisy should therefore be introduced into the wildflower’s range, since although the hybrid would differ markedly from the wildflower; hybridization is the only means of preventing total loss of the wildflower in its range.

1. Which one of the following principles, if valid, most helps to justify the conservationist’s reasoning？

(A) It is better to take measures to preserve a valued type of organism, even if those measures are drastic, than to accept a less valuable substitute for the organism.

(B) It is better to preserve a type of organism that is in danger of extinction, even if surviving organisms of that type are not vigorous, than to allow something more vigorous to replace it.

(C) It is better to change a type of organism that would otherwise be lost, even if the changes are radical, than to lose it entirely.

(D) It is better to destroy one of two competing types of organisms, even if both are irreplaceable, than to allow both of them to be lost.

(E) It is better to protect an endangered type of organism, even if doing so has some negative effects on another type of organism, than to do nothing at all.

2. Which one of the following is an assumption on which the conservationist’s reasoning depends？

A. The wildflower currently reproduces only by forming seeds.

B. The domesticated daisy was bred from wild plants that once grew in the wildflower’s range.

C. Increasing the population of the wildflower will also expand its range.

D. Wildflower-daisy hybrids will be able to reproduce.

E. The domesticated daisy will cross-pollinate with any daisy like plant.

答案：

1.The best answer is C.

先理解题意：wildflower会很快extinct如果不采取措施的话。但这个wildflower能与另外一种植物daisy cross-pollinate (异花受粉)，从而produce viable seeds，产生一种杂交品种wildflower-daisy hybrid。虽然杂交后的植物differ markedly,但这是唯一一种阻止wildflower在其领域消失的方式。提问哪种原则能支持这种推理？

原文是cross-pollinateand produce seeds, 而不是preserve。

同上，preserve不对，而且vigorous没有提到。

“change a type” 与“produce seeds”、“wildflower-daisy hybrids”相符;“radical”与“markedly”相对应。 So C is the best answer.

“destroy”与“competing types”无关，排除。

negative effects 无关，排除

解题的关键是如何抽象原文，并运用无关排除法。

2.思路：not+weaken。根据原命题成立则逆否命题成立的原理，把选项取非后，若能对文章产生削弱作用的，则为答案。

A. 与结论无关。另外也可以根据极端词only来进行排除。

B. 就算daisy不是in wildflower's range，wildflower-daisy hybrids也是in wildflower's range。

C. 无关。

D. 把选项取非，变成：wildflower-daisy hybrids不能再繁殖。这样的话，总有一天，随着wildflower的消失，wildflower-daisy hybrids也会消失的，这样就不能达到prevent total loss ofthe wildflower in its range的目的了，从而也对结论进行了削弱。因此D为答案。

E. 无关。

D is the best answer. 原文说“hybridization is the only meansof preventing total loss of the wildflower in its range”, 如果hybrids不能reproduce，那wildflower还是会extinct。其他可在选项中加“not”看是否有影响结论。