高考英语必背短语动词26条

高考英语必背短语动词26条

湖南 刘青沅

短语动词是高考英语的一个十分重要的考点，每年必考。根据近五年的高考英语短语动词考题情况来看，此类考题主要涉及由 agree, blow, burst, bring, call, come, do, die, go, get, give, have, keep, look, make, put, pick, save, set, take, turn, work, watch 等常用动词所构成的短语动词，这些动词构成短语动词时通常搭配的介词或副词有 across, after, away, back, down, in, up, off, into, through 等。虽然看起来短语动词所涉及的词汇并不多，难度也不大，但是，二十多个常用动词与十余个常用介词或副词搭配构成不同的短语动词，学过排列组合的同学都知道，这是一个不小的数字——至少也有数百条。但是，好就好在高考命题很有规律，即只考查其中的重要短语，比如本文为同学们归纳的26条短语动词就是重点中的重点！

1. break down (机器等)损坏；(谈判等)失败；(谈话等)中断；(健康等)变坏；拆分

Our car broke down and we had to push it off the road. 我们的车坏了，我们只好把它推到路边。

After years of overwork his health broke down and he had to retire. 在多年劳累之后，他的身体垮了，只好退休。

He showed us the whole dance, then broke it down so that we could learn it more easily. 他给我们演示了整个舞蹈，然后拆分开来让我们更容易学习。

2. bring down 使落下，打倒；降低，减少

Stronger measures will have to be taken to bring down unemployment. 需要采取更有力的措施降低失业率。

The government hopes these measures will help to bring down inflation. 政府希望这些措施会有助于减轻通货膨胀。

3. bring up 提出，提起；抚养，培养；呕吐

Every time I bring the matter up, he changes the subject. 每当我提起这件事，他就会转移话题。

Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt. 她出生后不久父母双亡，是由姑母抚养大的。

4. come across偶然遇见，碰上；（想法等）传达；被理解(不及物)；给予印象(不及物)

These themes come across very strongly in the novel. 这些主题在小说中表述得淋漓尽致。

When I was looking for my passport I came across these old photographs. 我在找护照时碰巧找到了这些旧相片。

5. cut down 砍倒；削减，压缩，缩减

We must cut down expenses or we’ll be getting into debt. 我们得减少支出，否则就要负债了。

Your essay's too long—it needs cutting down a little. 你的论文太长——需要删减一点。

若表示“削减或缩减……”，则通常后接介词on。如：

Cut down on fatty foods and alcohol if you want to lose weight. 如果你想减肥，你就要少吃高脂肪食物和少喝酒。

6. end up 结束，完事，告终；最后变成（成为）

Much of this meat will probably end up as dog food. 这块肉的一大半最后可能得当狗食。

I really wanted to work in television but I ended up in radio, which is the next best thing. 我确实想做电视工作，最后到了电台工作，这是仅次于它的最好的工作。