高考英语单选题备考指南
2009高考英语单选题备考指南本文简介:2009高考英语单选题备考指南河北省唐山市丰南区唐坊高中高三万玉英纵观近3年的高考,单项选择都涵盖了大纲中所列的几乎全部语法项目,强调对基础知识的考查,注重基本语法和词汇的运用能力。同学们的复习应该是以全面的复习语法、词汇知识为主,换句话来讲,同学们应该认真地把教材中词汇背诵放到非常重要的位置上,之
2009高考英语单选题备考指南本文内容:
2009高考英语单选题备考指南
河北省唐山市丰南区唐坊高中高三
万玉英
纵观近3年的高考,单项选择都涵盖了大纲中所列的几乎全部语法项目,强调对基础知识的考查,注重基本语法和词汇的运用能力。同学们的复习应该是以全面的复习语法、词汇知识为主,换句话来讲,同学们应该认真地把教材中词汇背诵放到非常重要的位置上,之后按模块进行语法复习。下面就2009年高考英语试题中的单选题进行复习方法的点拨和备考指导。
一、领悟语境,轻松应对动词各形式考点的考查。
例1
—I
just
can’t
stop
worrying
about
the
result
of
the
job
interview.
—_____.
There’s
nothing
you
can
do
now
but
wait.
A.
Relax
B.
Go
ahead
C.
Go
for
it
D.
Good
luck
例2
—I’m
sure
Andrew
will
win
the
first
prize
in
the
final.
—I
think
so.
He
______
for
it
for
months.
A.
is
preparing
B.
was
preparing
C.
had
been
preparing
D.
has
been
preparing
例3
______
the
project
as
planned,we’ll
have
to
work
two
more
hours
a
day.
A
Completing
B
Complete
C
Completed
D
to
complete
解析:例1,根据语境可知第一个说话者太紧张了,因此第二个人劝对方放松点,耐心等待,故选A。
例2,从对话语境可知,prepare这一动作从过去一直持续到说话的现在,故用现在完成进行时,即have
been
doing。因此正确答案为D。例3,从句意“为了按计划完成这项工程,我们必须每天多工作两个小时。”不定式to
do
在句子中作目的状语。此因正确答案为D。
备考指南:单选题非常强调语境,这就要求同学们在掌握了语法和语言知识点的同时,还要培养在语境中对语言意义的领悟、判断与运用能力。复习时,在单选题方面不要选择做一些很偏、怪的题。在一模考试之前,同学们可以把近几年的高考题看一下。:因为高考题的特点就是覆盖面广,难易适当。具体要做到:注重基本,不钻牛角尖;掌握知识要全面,不盲目;注意语言的功能和使用场景,不死记硬背。如果可能的话,可以在老师的帮助之下,将近两年高考和模拟题中有关动词时态语态、情景交际、情态动词、非谓语动词等题按语法进行分类汇总,既可以进一步巩固大量高考常考点,又可以了解高考对考点知识掌握程度的要求,还可以把握解题方法,培养解题规律感和解题悟性。更重要的是,还能大幅度提高复习的针对性和命中率。
二、理结构定句型,攻破从句考点
例4
I’ll
give
you
y
friend’s
home
address,I
can
be
reached
most
evenings.
A.
which
B.
when
C.
whom
D.
where
例5
Nancy
enjoyed
herself
so
much
______
she
visited
her
friends
in
Sydney
last
year.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
when
D.
where
例6
As
his
best
friend,I
can
make
accurate
guesses
about
_____
he
will
do
or
think.
A
what
B
which
C
whom
D
that
解析:例4考查定语从句关联词的选择。答案为D。
例5是when
引导的一个时间状语从句,有些同学可能会受到so…that句式的影响,而选that。但so
…that
意为“如此……以至于”,与语境不符。故选择C。
例6句中about后面缺少宾语,正确答案为A。
备考指南:在高考英语试题中,对复合句(定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句)的考查年年都有所体现。有点选择题的句子结构复杂,迷惑性大,
稍有疏忽,便会受到干扰项的干扰,这时需要仔细分析,弄清句子的结构。为了快捷,准确地理解题意,我们应该去掉句子中的插入语或附加成分,这样就可以迅速地找出句子的主干,理清句子的结构;根据近几年高考的考查重点和趋势,从句类试题可以分为以下几大类:连接词考查类、wh-ever辨析类、从句语序类、强调句整合类等。因此,考生应在复习做题时,前面审题,在尊重语境的前提下,牢记引导各个从句的从属连词,注意不要忽略从句中可能涉及的省略、倒装、固定句式等相关问题。
三、突破词汇关,让词和短语辨析不再难
例7
There
are
plenty
of
jobs
______
in
the
western
part
of
the
country.
A.
present
B.
available
C.
precious
D.
convenient
例8
Students
are
always
interested
in
finding
out
_______
they
can
go
with
a
new
teacher.
A.
how
far
B.
how
soon
C.
how
often
D.
how
long
解析:例7考查通过句意选择同类词中恰当的形容词。通过句意及语境可知,正确答案是B。
例8考查通过句意和语境选择how构成的副词短语。How
far
多远,表“距离”;how
soon
多久以后,表“将来”;how
often
多长时间一次,表“频率”;how
long
多久,表“时间”。本题正确答案为D。
备考指南:解决词汇问题的一个基本方法也是最重要的方法还是多记忆。词汇量不足是历届考生共同面临的一大问题。所以笔者建议考生必须掌握《考试大纲》规定的词汇,这是参加高考的保底线。词汇复习时要注意全面,要把注意力放在最基本、最常用的词汇上。对于常用的重点单词,特别是动词、形容词、副词以及借此惯用搭配,应放在短语中去记忆,这样就可解决应用问题。另外,复习时要做到词不离短语、词不离句子。在一模考试之前,同学们可以把高中三年的英语单词拿出来再温习一遍,进行巩固记忆。当然,除了死记单词外,学习英语构词法,了解英语词汇的构成特点,也能迅速扩大自己的词汇量。
四、确立句子意识,特殊句式巧处理。
例9
It
was
in
New
Zealand
___
Elizabeth
first
met
Mr.
Smith.
A.
that
B.
how
C.
which
D.
when
例10
Only
when
I
left
my
parents
for
Italy
how
much
I
loved
them.
A.
I
realized
B.
I
had
realized
C.
had
I
realized
D.
did
I
realize
解析:例9考查强调句的用法。本题所要强调的是地点状语in
New
Zealand,因此正确答案是A。
例10考查only位于句首主句倒装的用法。正确答案为D。
备考指南:高考英语备考必须十分重视英语学习的知识体系。备考过程不应是对已学知识的简单重复和强化,而应将中学六年所学的零散的、孤立的语言知识有机地结合起来,形成一个完整的知识体系。备考要有广度和一定的深度,但反对题海战术,题不在多,典型就行;题不在难,思考就灵。而且高考单选试题中的特殊句式也是十分常见的。同学们在复习备考时,也要将其列入重要复习清单中。会巧妙的辨别和处理特殊句式。
遇到长句、难句时,我们可先简化句子,去掉枝叶,这样才能拨开云雾。其次改变句式结构使之成为学生熟悉的句型。有些句子由于句式特殊,干扰了学生的判断视线和解题思路。如:疑问句、省略句、强调句、被动句等,只有将句式“复原”,答案就很容易找到了。
拓展训练:
1.
The
trees
_____
in
the
storm
have
been
moved
off
the
road.
[08湖南]
A
being
blown
down
B
blown
down
C
blowing
down
D
to
blow
down
2.—What’s
that
noise?
—Oh,I
forgot
to
tell
you.
The
new
machine_______.
[08浙江]
A
was
tested
B
will
be
tested
C
is
being
tested
D
has
been
tested
3.
—Do
you
mind
if
I
record
your
lecture?
—______.
Go
ahead.
A
Never
mind
B
No
way
C
Not
at
all
DNo,you’d
better
not.
[08江苏]
4.
Many
Chinese
universities
provided
scholarships
for
students
________
financial
aid.
[08天津]
A
in
favor
of
B
in
honor
of
C
in
face
of
D
in
need
of
5.
For
many
cities
in
the
world,there
is
no
room
to
spread
out
further,________
New
York
is
an
example.
[08四川]
A
for
which
B
in
which
C
of
which
D
from
which
6.
All
people,_______
they
are
old
or
young,rich
or
poor,have
been
trying
their
best
to
help
those
they
in
need
since
the
disaster.
[08重庆]
A
even
if
B
whether
C
no
matter
D
however
7.
_______
to
reach
them
on
the
phone,we
sent
an
instead.
[08重庆]
A
Fail
B
Failed
C
To
fail
D
Having
failed
8.
It
was
not
until
midnight
______
they
reached
the
camp
site.
[08重庆]
A
that
B
when
C
while
D
as
9.The
lawyer
seldom
wears
anything
other
than
a
suit
_____
the
season.
[08全国Ⅰ]
A
whatever
B
wherever
C
whenever
D
however
10
A
small
car
is
big
enough
for
a
family
of
three
______
you
need
more
space
for
baggage.
[08全国Ⅱ]
Aonce
B
because
C
if
D
unless